Category Archives: International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research 2018

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

The Application of Strategic Management in the Control of Environmental Resources (Fresh Water)

Chukwuma E. O. Anuku & Gabriel C. C. Ndinwa ………………………………………. 1

Disaster Capacity Development Strategies as Coping Mechanism for Sustainable Disaster Risk Reduction in Vulnerable Rural Areas in Imo State- Nigeria

Egbe Cyprian & Okafor Chidinma A …………………………….……………..………………. 9

An Assessment of Infill Development Potentials in Depressed Communities: A Case Study of Ungwar Television of Kaduna Metropolis

Arinde Salisu Handan & Lebana M. Daspan ………………………………………..…. 14

Infectious Diseases and Labour Force Productivity in Industries: A Challenge to Growth- A Study of the Nasco Group, Jos

Angbas Jonathan Avreson; Awatai, Abdul Usman and Makwin Deborah ……………. 26

Application of the Principles of Sustainability on Urban Practice and Development in Nyanya Abuja

Asma’u S.U. Dantudu; Sunday Solomon & Mansur Bello………………………………………. 39

Urban Renewal Initiatives in Nigeria: The Abeokuta Experience

Olubodun, M. E. & Elesin, O. G.  ……………………………………….…………..……50

Housing Conditions and Residents Health in the Rural Areas: A Functional Interplay in Ijeda and Iloko Osun State, Nigeria

Kolawole Abimbola Sunday; Eluyele K. Peters & Oyelami Kehinde …………………… 61

Hindrances to Sustainability of Professional Ethics in Nigeria

Solomon Michael Ojo, Esther Olufisayo Odunsi, Olusola Solomon Akinleye ………… 73  

Efficient Building Modifications: The Case for Flexible and Modular Structural Composition of Buildings

Bereprebofa Dimie …….…………………………………………………………………… 85

The Importance and Necessity of Flexible Spaces and Buildings in Nigerian

Taylor-Harry, Sobomabo …………………………………………………………………… 95

Disaster Capacity Development Strategies as Coping Mechanism for Sustainable Disaster Risk Reduction in Vulnerable Rural Areas in Imo State- Nigeria

Egbe Cyprian

Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State Nigeria

&

Okafor Chidinma A,

Department of Geography and Environmental Studies

Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri Imo State Nigeria

ABSTRACT

The frequency of disaster occurrence of all types have become alarming all over the world especially Nigeria in the present times. Efforts are being made by nations to formulate strategies to reduce their prevalence and mitigation. This paper views capacity development asa potent mitigation measure in reducing its threat because it is a process of skill building and training of an individual or groups on the capacity to handle or resolve environmental challenges or situations requiring urgent attention which otherwise can lead to disastrous consequences. The situations or challenges may be potential risks or hazards which may lead to disaster.. The main drive of this paper is the fact that there is a lagging behind of the public sector especially the rural dwellers awareness on capacity building techniques generally and on risks, hazards or disasters in meeting most development goals (MDGs) and the realization that building capacity development is one of the key challenges facing low income societies, communities and countries and their external partners which is fundamental to resolve societal challenges in recent times. It is viewed important in this paper because, a capable and accountable state or society or individuals supported by an effective civil society with the engagement of private sector is indispensible for the sustainable reduction of challenges and events such as disasters and risk especially in rural societies.

Keywords: Disaster Capacity Development, Strategies, Coping Mechanism, Sustainable Disaster Risk Reduction, Vulnerable Rural Areas.

An Assessment of Infill Development Potentials in Depressed Communities: A Case Study of Ungwar Television of Kaduna Metropolis

Arinde Salisu Handan¹ & Lebana M. Daspan²  

¹Department of Architecture, Kaduna Polytechnic Nigeria

²Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Kaduna Polytechnic Nigeria

Email: salisuarinde@gmail.com& lebana1962@gmail.org

ABSTRACT

Infill development, or infill, principles such as compact mixed-use and diversity have revitalized dysfunctional city-centres through the redevelopment of vacant and old-decrepit structures in such ways that make economic sense. These transformational powers have given patronage to infill in recent redevelopment endeavours of depressed neighbourhoods of US and European cities. In Nigeria, there is hardly any deliberate infill effort aimed at revamping inner urban communities. This paper assesses infill potential in depressed community of Ungwar Television Kaduna (UT) with the objectives which include review of concepts and theories of infill as well as those of depressed areas. It identified different physical supportive features of infill in UT and concludes that these features have the capacity to ensure connectivity and permeability; compact mixed-use development, diversity and walk-ability; streets’ safety and civic engagement; local architectural character and accessibility in view of their high prevalence rates. Finally it proffered recommendations which include identifying and addressing concerns of people living in priority infill areas; provision of public incentives and investment; improvement of existing infrastructure; and creating enabling holistic land banking legislation.

Keywords: Infill Development, Depressed Communities, Strategies, Potentials, New   Urbanism

Infectious Diseases and Labour Force Productivity in Industries: A Challenge to Growth- A Study of the Nasco Group, Jos

Angbas Jonathan Avreson; Awatai, Abdul Usman and Makwin Deborah

Department of Economics

Plateau State University, Bokkos

Email: avrenab@yahoo.com

ABSTRACTA major hindrance to effective labour force participation in the process of productivity is the state of its health. Ill health in the labour force increases disease burden and reduces the capacity, vigor and capabilities which it needs to effectively engage in productive activities while increased absenteeism due to ill health reduces overall workplace productivity. This study evaluates the impact of health on workforce productivity in industry in the growth process using data obtained from a field study and analysized through admixture of statistical methods. Given that Nigeria is a highly labour-intensive economy, importance must be accorded to having a healthier workforce in order to maximize productivity. Another essential finding in the study lies in the statistical significance of the education-labour and health capital-labour interaction

Application of the Principles of Sustainability on Urban Practice and Development in Nyanya Abuja

Asma’u S.U. Dantudu; Solomon Sunday Rengkwar & Mansur Bello

Department of Urban and Regional Planning

Kaduna Polytechnic

Email: mansbell2017@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The world is urbanizing rapidly with cities today experiencing greater concentration of people than ever before. It is extensively accepted that development and urbanization go hand in hand and the expansion of cities has resulted in both opportunities and challenges. This often calls for sustainable development approaches in solving these challenges. The over spiraling growth in Abuja largely stems from socio-economic and socio-political development in the country. This paper seeks to assess the application of the principles of sustainable development in Nyanya Abuja FCT; with a view to making recommendations for effective development. The study observed that there is rapid development in the study area, which is often in an uncontrolled manner and the non-application of sustainable principles in development. The case study and survey methods were used where 187 questionnaires were administered to the residents of Nyanya. The study found that the stakeholders are mostly not aware of the environmental and economic aspect of sustainability that is why they are not practicing them but are however aware of the social principles of sustainability. It was concluded that the trend and pattern of urban development in Nyanya is a cause for serious concern due to the rate of sprawling in the area. Therefore, in curbing the issue of application of the principles of sustainability on urban development and practice within the study area the recommendations provided in this research work are; that the government should introduce an assessmentstrategy which ensures regular checks for non-application and massive rehabilitation and expansion of existing infrastructural stock in the study area should be taken more seriously through collaborative efforts among of all stakeholders.

Key words: Sustainable Development, Principles, Application, Effective Development, Urban practice.

Urban Renewal Initiatives in Nigeria: The Abeokuta Experience

Olubodun, M. E. & Elesin, O. G.

  Department of Architectural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun State

  Department of Urban & Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun State

ABSTRACT

The emergence of rapid population growth in many developing counties including Nigeria has brought about the continuous need for urban renewal initiatives. The fact that most urban cities had been planned before the advent of the regional town planning and urban development gave birth to clustered cities and towns which are at variance with today’s changing urban world.  Adequate urban management, infrastructural innovations and sustainable urban management are key issues to the 21^st century environment.  A proactive attempt to transform a hitherto old or ancient urban center into a well-structured urban environment which can withstand today and tomorrow’s infrastructural and aesthetic demands is described as urban renewal. In most of these initiatives, there have always been challenges to contend with, especially those that have to do with action plans for resettlement of slum dwellers, the displaced people in the line of development and re-constructions.  Adaptations to new environmental concerns as well as socio-economic issues are part of the areas that have always been at the trail of urban renewal projects. This took a closer look at the urban renewal and regeneration of Abeokuta as the capital city of Ogun State, vis a vis the attendant contending issues and accruable benefits.

Keywords:      urban, renewal, environment, development, infrastructure

Housing Conditions and Residents Health in the Rural Areas: A Functional Interplay in Ijeda and Iloko Osun State, Nigeria

¹Kolawole Abimbola Sunday; ²Eluyele K. Peters & ³Oyelami Kehinde

¹Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Osun State College of Technology, Esa-Oke

²Department of Estate Management, Osun State College of Technology, Esa-Oke.

³Department of Quantity Surveying, Osun State College of Technology, Esa-Oke.

Email: akolawole50@yahoo.com ; distinct.ok@gmail .com

ABSTRACT

The main aim of this study is to examine the functional interplay between housing condition and health of the rural dwellers focusing on Ijeda and IlokoIjesa. The data for the study were sourced from both primary and secondary sources. The primary source of data includes the administration of structured questionnaires to 25% of the residents of the two communities. Adopting multistage and stratified systematic sampling methods. A total of 234 questionnaires were administered on the major stakeholders in the study areas. The secondary data were sourced from the local government council office, journal, textbooks, magazines and national population commission officer,the study revealed that the age of the building was found to have significant relationship with the health of residents in Ijeda while the reserve was the case in Iloko. The study further revealed malarial as the most reported ailment followed by dysentery, typhoid and cholera respectively. Significant relationship was found between building type and healthof the rural dweller in Iloko than Ijeda while occupancy ratio had effects on residents of Ijeda. The paper therefore recommends among others that the general public should be enlightened about the causal relationship between housing conditions and health of the residents, enforcement of development control, designing of master plan and implementation of housing policies.

Keywords: Traditional compounds housing conditions, residents’ health, functional interplay, rural communities. 

Hindrances to Sustainability of Professional Ethics in Nigeria

¹Solomon Michael Ojo, ²Esther Olufisayo Odunsi, ³Olusola Solomon Akinleye   

Department of Quantity Surveying,

Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Following a conscientious fight against corruption and perception that the built environment and its professional are vulnerable to unethical practices, and the need for robust empirical study, there is need to sample the opinions of the professionals in the industry. This study therefore elicits the views of Nigerian Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Builders, Engineers, Town Planners, Estate Surveyors and Valuers and Land Surveyors as key players in land use, development, management of shelter, rural and urbanized environments on their acceptability of established global ethical standards. Examined and evaluated the likely causes of unethical behavioral contagion pattern among professionals and proffered reliable recommendations for curbing these social menace that undermines applicability and sustainability of ethical standards among professionals in the built environment during services delivery and interpersonal relationship. Structured Questionnaire was distributed to 350 professionals and only 247 were retrieved and used for the analysis. The results of the survey indicated that all the professionals are in agreement with the concept of global ethical standards which stipulate that all professionals must; act with responsibility, always provide a high standard of service, act in a way that promotes trust in the profession, treat others with respect and take responsibility. Professional negligence and fraud ranked 1^st, followed by refusal to pay for services rendered by other professional colleagues and being bias ranked 4^th. The study recommends that to sustain professional ethics in Nigeria, All professional must; be trust worthy at all time, not give and take bribe, open and transparent in their dealings, treat others the way they like to be treated, be polite, act with care, at all times uphold ethics of their profession and act within the scope of their professionalism.  

Key Words: Ethical Standards; Global; Hindrances; Nigeria; Professionals; Sustainability.

Efficient Building Modifications: The Case for Flexible and Modular Structural Composition of Buildings

Bereprebofa Dimie

Department of Architecture

Rivers State University, Nkpolu Oroworukwo, Port –Harcourt

ABSTRACT

Modular construction has long been utilized in the construction of residential and many other commercial product types as a means for potentially quicker construction delivery times. A modular building is a pre-engineered structure that is flexible enough to satisfy virtually any requirement tougher than standard drywall construction, expandable, can be relocated and completely re-usable. One obvious advantage that modular construction has over conventional construction is cost. It can not only save up to 35% on the initial construction costs like labor and materials, but there are other benefits as well. It has been found that Modular coordination is an outstanding choice having a minimum on-site modification and material wastage. This paper addresses the numerous advantages of modular systems present in both design and construction works viz a viz buildings’ flexibility that could be applied to enhance modification.

The Importance and Necessity of Flexible Spaces and Buildings in Nigerian

Taylor-Harry, Sobomabo

Email: taylorharrysobomabo@gmail.com

ABSTRACT                                                       

Building adaptation has a limited time perspective, suited premises need to change over time in order to keep up with the processes in using a building. In an ideal situation, owners, clients and users, based on a demand for effortless adaptability, would be able to transform the building when it is needed. This puts high demand on the flexibility in a building, i.e. adaptability. A well- structured questionnaire which data were analyzed using the mean value and simple percentage were used to find the importance of creating flexible and adaptable spaces and buildings in Nigeria. Most structures in Nigeria are left out of use or abandoned for a long time due to the fact that they were designed as a single use spaces or buildings which has made it difficult for them to be converted into a multi-use spaces that could effectively and efficiently serve other purpose.  Hence to ensure optimal use of spaces and buildings gave rise to the idea of flexibility and adaptability for multifunctional and multi-use buildings and spaces which implementation in construction should starts right from the conceptualization and design stages.

Keywords: flexibility, multi-functional, design, buildings, spaces, adaptability, architecture.