DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SMART PARKING LOT

J. A. Ogbekhiulu¹ and A. M. Epemu²

¹Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,

College of Engineering and Technology,

Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun

Email: ogbekhiulu.joseph@fupre.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

This paper present the design and implementation of a smart parking lot.  The design involves three parking lots and a prototype parking environment constructed with wood. The design was achieved by programming a PIC 16f84a using C program that receives its input from different infrared ray sensor located at the different entrance of the parking lots, then processes the input and sends the output to a seven segment display LCD. The design is a prototype that is intended to solve the issues of proper parking in urban areas, business centers, and University environment. It reduce the stress caused by indiscriminate parking of cars and any form of danger or insecurity to cars and owners. The prototype design was simulated in Proteus environment and then implemented. The results obtained indicates that parking of cars in urban areas, business center and University environment could be controlled and indiscriminate parking and theft of cars could be eliminated.

Key words: Prototype, simulated, parking, programing, environment

INTEGRATED GEO-ELECTRICAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC PROSPECTIVITY FOR GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL OF GRID ‘PART A’ OF FELELE CAMPUS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LOKOJA, NIGERIA

Isaac O. Agbane1*, Ogbadu R. Omeje2, Dayo J. Olutokun3 and Esther A. Yahaya3
1Department of Geology, Federal University Lokoja, Nigeria
2Department of Geology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria
3Department of Physics, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria
*Email: agbaneisaac@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Geophysical investigation involving the use of vertical electrical sounding
(VES) on grid-A part of Felele campus, Federal University Lokoja, Nigeria
with objectives to delineating depth to fresh basement, fractured zones
in the study area for potential groundwater exploration within the
crystalline basement rocks. The area is underlain by the Crystalline
Basement rocks composed of granite gneiss, quartzite and intrusions. PASI
Terrameter was used and the symmetrical Schlumberger configuration
adopted. A total of four (4) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) stations were
established. Preliminary input data from the field were inputed into the
WINRESIST software to generate real resistivities and depths to
geoelectric layers. Three (3) geoelectric layers were interpreted, the first
layer is the top soil made up of resistivity values ranging from 141 Ωm –
486.1 Ωm and depth to weathered basement of 1.2-2.5m. It is inferred that
this layer does not consist of the same material across the entire length of
the profile. The second layer is made up of resistivity values ranging from
37.9Ωm to 85.6Ωm and depth to fresh basement of 11.2 – 16.1m. Its
inferred to composed mostly of fractured and unconsolidated rocks, loose
gravel, sandy soil and clayey. The resistivity value within this layer indicates that is it good for groundwater exploration and the third layer has the highest resistivity values ranging from 821.2 Ωm – 2695Ωm with an infinite depth. It’s entirely composed of fresh basement rock which is possibly of the gneissic suite.
Keywords: Basement rocks, Fractures, Geoelctric layers, ground water,
lokoja, schlumberger

DEVELOPMENT OF COST PREDICTION MODEL FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

Kasimu A.M¹, Kabir U.M²; Nasiru A. M³&Ahmed M⁴

Department of Quantity Surveying

Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State Email: kasimumohammed@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The lack of cost data base and standard for which cost of road could be determined in developing countries like Nigeria have negative effect on the estimation of road construction cost. The successful completion of road construction projects depends solely on the accuracy of cost estimate at the inception phase of the projects. Especially in Niger State, where most of the roads are in the state of dilapidation and some of the projects abandoned as a result of lack of proper model for predicting accurately the cost of road construction at initial stage of a project.  Therefore, the paper aims at developing cost prediction model for road construction projects in Niger State with a view of improving the road construction projects delivery. The archival data was collected from Niger State Ministry of Work, Housing and Transport. The data obtained from the ministry are Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation (BEME), financial statement, financial reports of the road construction projects within the period of 2007 to 2017 in Niger State. The method of analysis adopted for this study was simple regression analysis. The result shows that followings elements of road construction projects (site clearance, sub base, base course, asphalt course, and excavation works) tested with total cost of road construction projects have the probability value of >0.05 with the followings R² value of 45.1%; 56.9%; 45% 82.9% & 47.4%. This imply that there is strong statistical significant relationship between the two variables. The paper therefore, recommended that the top management of the construction firms should be encouraged to adopt this cost prediction model to reduce cost escalation, conflicts, disputes and abandonment of road projects.

Keyword:Cost Prediction Model; Cost Estimation; Construction Industry; Project Delivery and Road Construction.

INTEGRATED GEO-ELECTRICAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC INVESTIGATION OF GRID PART OF FELELE CAMPUS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LOKOJA, NIGERIA

Isaac O. Agbane^1*, Ogbadu R. Omeje², Dayo J. Olutokun³ and Esther A. Yahaya³

¹Department of Geology, Federal University Lokoja, Nigeria

²Department of Geology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

³Department of Physics, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

*Email:agbaneisaac@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Geophysical investigation involving the use of vertical electrical sounding (VES) on  grid-A part of Felele campus, Federal University Lokoja, Nigeria with  objectives  to delineating depth to fresh basement, fractured zones in the study area for potential groundwater exploration within the crystalline basement rocks. The area is underlain by the Crystalline Basement rocks composed of granite gneiss, quartzite and intrusions.  PASI Terrameter was used and the symmetrical Schlumberger configuration adopted. A total of four (4) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) stations were established. Preliminary input data from the field were inputed into the WINRESIST software to generate real resistivities and depths to geoelectric layers. Three (3) geoelectric layers were interpreted, the first layer is the top soil made up of resistivity values ranging from 141 Ωm – 486.1 Ωm and depth to weathered basement of 1.2-2.5m. It is inferred that this layer does not consist of the same material across the entire length of the profile. The second layer is made up of resistivity values ranging from 37.9Ωm to 85.6Ωm and depth to fresh basement of 11.2 – 16.1m. Its inferred to composed mostly of fractured and unconsolidated rocks, loose gravel, sandy soil and clayey. The resistivity value within this layer indicates that is it good for groundwater exploration and the third layer has the highest resistivity values ranging from 821.2 Ωm – 2695Ωm with an infinite depth. It’s entirely composed of fresh basement rock which is possibly of the gneissic suite.

Keywords: Basement rocks, Fractures, Geoelctric layers, ground water, lokoja, schlumberger