Category Archives: International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific 2018

EGLI MODEL TESTING FOR TELEVISION PLANNING IN THE UHF BAND FOR SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA

¹Ogbeide K.O & ¹Egwaile J.O

¹Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering

University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

Email: kingsley.ogbeide@uniben.edu

ABSTRACT

Propagation models are very important tools deployed in planning a radio communication system like the television system. The paper presents the testing of the renowned Egli radio propagation model for television planning in the Very High Frequency (VHF) band for the south- south region of Nigeria. The work was carried out in Edo state through extensive signal strength measurement across selected routes. A handheld spectrum analyzer Sefram 7806 was set to the transmission frequency of the television station used for the investigation and signal strength values were collected at varying distances from the television station. A handheld global positioning Garmin 78CS GPS receiver was used to obtain the geospatial co-ordinates of points were signal strength values were recorded.  The results showed that the Egli propagation model cannot be relied upon in the radio planning of future television system in the region due to the huge root mean error value (RMSE) between the pathloss prediction from the model and that obtained from the actual measurements.

Keywords: Egli, Propagation, radio, television, pathloss, VHF.

PROPERTY SECURITY USING A BIOMETRIC BASED DOOR LOCK SYSTEM

Onyan Aaron Okiemute¹, & Enalume Kingsley Okeoghene²

^{1, 2}Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,

Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Nigeria

¹ onyan.aaron@fupre.edu.ng, ² enalume.kingsley@fupre.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the development and implementation of a Biometric Based Door Lock System that will automatically unlock a door when a registered fingerprint is sensed. The method employed in accomplishing this involves the use of a fingerprint scannerR305 interfaced with ATMEGA 328 Arduino microcontroller to actuate the locking and unlocking process of a door. Once a registered finger print is placed on the sensor, access is granted to the user, the door slides open and it closes after five seconds. During this process, the 16×2 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) displays the name of the individual with the registered fingerprint. If an unregistered fingerprint is sensed, access is denied. The developed Biometric Based Door Lock System was tested and it functioned in line with the desired objectives.

Keywords: Biometric; Door lock; Fingerprint; Scanner; Security.

RELIABILITY OF DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS IN NIGERIA: IKORODU, LAGOS STATE AS A CASE STUDY

Oshin, Ola Austin, Onile Abiodun E, Adanikin Ariyo & Fakorede Ebenezer

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,

Elizade University, IIara-mokin, ondo

Email:  austin.oshin@elizadeuniversity.edu.ng 

ABSTRACT

Nigerians are experiencing a lot of difficulties as a result of poor Generation, Transmission and Distribution of electricity. As of 2016, the electricity energy consumption in the world from the world fact book revealed that the average power per capital (watts per person) in the United States is 1,377 Watts. In Canada, it is as high as 1,704 Watts per person and in South Africa; it is 445 Watts per person. The average power per capital in Australia is 1,112 Watts and in New Zealand it is 1,020 W per person. Whereas, the average electricity consumed in watts per person in Nigeria is just 14 Watts.  This has put Nigeria in a rank of 189 out of 219 countries estimated.  Currently, power generating capacity in Nigeria is estimated to be 6,803 megawatts, with average working capacity between 3,500 MW for over 170 million people (20.59 W/person). The power Companies in Nigeria face a lot of problems. Some of the highest priority issues being low generation of power, inadequate equipment and technical team for the clearance of faults, inadequate protection devices, transmission losses and low reliability of the distribution system. The Nigerian power problem has resulted to incessant planned, forced and unplanned outages. This has grounded many activities and has destroyed many industrial operations and processes. In addition, it has resulted to erratic and unreliable supply of electricity. It has reduced productivity and has increased unemployment and crime rates in the country. Hence, an analytical method is developed to study the dynamic- reliability of the distribution system, as well as optimizes the occurrence of faults and outages along the consumer point in each feeder in order to improve the performance of the system. A great need for fault evaluation and reliability studies of electric power system was observed. This research work analyzed the problems facing the Distribution System. Efforts were made to provide adequate solutions to the problems. The research work evaluated the occurrence and causes of faults and outages in the Distribution Network Area for a period of 8 years. In addition, it analyzed and reduced the effects of power losses along each of the feeders in the Distribution Network Area. This research work revealed the downtime, failure rate and reliability index along each of the eight feeders. It also improved the reliability and performance of the distribution system.

Keywords: Fault Evaluation, Improvement of Electric Power Distribution Network, Reliability

Review of Methods for Estimating the Decay Constant (k) of Horton’s Infiltration Model

Ajayi Asishana Stanley

Department of Agricultural Engineering

Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

ajayistan@gmail.com +2348039714411

ABSTRACT

Horton’s equation is one of the earliest and most popular empirical models for simulating infiltration. The aim of this paper is to review and recommend the best method for determining Horton’s decay constant from a number of methods in terms of its simplicity and accuracy. Six (6) infiltration tests was carried out and the average of the six tests was used for determining the steady state infiltration rate i_c = 4cm/hr and initial infiltration rate i_o = 34cm/hr. Three methods were used to evaluate the decay constant k, Method I and III gave same result 0.8099 and the result of Method II is 0.8086.It is clear that there is no significant difference between the results, although they are supposed to be the same, the challenge with method II is the fact that it is very error prone. Method I is highly recommended above Method II and III because it is less disposed to error and simple to calculate.Key words: Decay constant, linear regression, infiltration capacity, Horton’s model

Design of WLAN Connectivity of Printers within an Office for an Office Environment with 30M Radius Coverage area using Linksys WRT 120N Wireless Gateway Router

¹Nonum, Ernest Oyemndu & P .O. Otasowie²

¹Department of Telecommunication Management, Novena University Ogume, Delta State

²Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State

E.mail: oyibow@yahoo.com; potasowie@uniben.edu

ABSTRACT

This work focuses on the design of printer connectivity via wireless LAN for the various departments of an office.A wireless Access Point mounted 10.5 meters from the entrance of a central office was used to create a network that interconnected all the printers and computers within the coverage area of 30 meters as long as they are configured for the network. The network was furnished with security features such as disabled SSID broadcast, passphrase, MAC address filtering and WPA2 encryption to prevent unauthorized users from getting access to the network. The performance of the design was verified through an extensive range of tests (i.e. printing of documents from different locations within the network coverage area of 30 meters), and this yielded accurate and expected results.This design makes it possible to avoid the problems associated with the traditional wired method of networking computers and printing of documents between the units of an office.

Key words: WiFi, Local Area Network (LAN), integrated service router (ISR), Wireless Access Point (AP), Radio Frequency signal, Printers

ADSORPTION STUDIES FOR THE REMOVAL OF CU(II) AND PB(II) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY LOCAL ADSORBENT USING NONLINEAR REGRESSION METHODS

Uwadiae, S. E.

¹Department of Chemical Engineering

Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti state.

Email: suwadiae@yahoo.com  

ABSTRACT

The sorption of two divalent metal ions – copper and lead – from aqueous solution onto Ikpoba clay in single component systems has been studied. Batch adsorption study for the clay fraction was conducted at ambient temperature, using <0.02mm particle sizes. The experimental data have been analysed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Toth and Sips isotherm models. In order to determine the best fit isotherm for each system, five error analysis methods were used to evaluate the data:  hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), Marquardt’s percent standard deviation (MPSD), average relative error (ARE), sum of the errors squared (ERRSQ) and sum of the absolute errors (EABS). However, the sum of normalized error (SNE) was further employed in order to have a better comparison between the error functions sets for the isotherm models. The error values indicated that the Sips isotherm was able to provide the best quality of fit for all the experimental data, over the concentration range (3-6 mg/L) studied for Cu(II) with error values of 13.9609 , 0.3104, 0.0025, 2.9965, 0.1220 and 0.2111  for ARE, EABS, ERRSQ, HYBRID, MPSD and SNE respectively; while Toth isotherm gave the best quality of fit for all the experimental data, over the concentration range (20-40 mg/L) studied for Pb(II) with error values of 19.9202, 0.4070, 0.0469, 6.0984, 0.2316, 0.33072  for ARE, EABS, ERRSQ, HYBRID, MPSD and SNE respectively.

Keywords: Isotherms, Error-functions, Sorption, nonlinear regression, heavy metal

THE EFFECTS OF CARBONATION ON BLENDED CEMENT CONCRETES

Alhassan A. Yunusa

Department of Civil Engineering

Federal Polytechnic Idah, P. M. B. 1037, Idah, Kogi State

ABSTRACT

This paper reports on the results of a study undertaken to assess the carbonation of blended concretes exposed to a range of micro-climate variations in inland environments, particularly with variations in carbon dioxide content, temperature and relative humidity conditions. Concretes samples were prepared using five binder types representing variations of blends with GGBS, FA and CSF and four w/b ratios ranging from 0.4 to 0.75 and subjected to different degrees of initial water curing. These samples were placed in three exposure conditions: indoors in laboratory air, outdoors sheltered from rain and sun and outdoors fully exposed to the elements. The depths of carbonation of these samples were monitored over a period of 24 months in order to determine the rates of carbonation. Findings suggest that the rate of concrete carbonation may be usefully applied as performance specifications where durability of reinforced concrete structures must be guaranteed.

Keywords: Durability, Supplementary cementing materials (SCM), Blended Concretes, Reinforced concrete structures.