Category Archives: International Journal of Sciences and Advanced Innovative Research 2017

CONTENTS

Formulation of Water Based Paints using Polyvinyl Alcohol as Binder, Characterization and their Application on Cement Surface

Mohammed Abdullahi Baba; Jamila Umar Ojoma; Aminu Sabo Musa & Halima Idris Umaru…………………………….…………………………………….1

Production of lightweight Concrete using Plastic Wastes as Coarse Aggregates

Gana A. J. & Chinonso O. D………………………………………………………………….10

Characteristics of Smallholder Sheep Production from selected Local Government Councils and States in Nigeria

E. O. Ahaotu; O. J. Ifut & Akinfemi, A……………..…….………………………45

Reproductive Performance and Husbandry Practices of Indigenous Chickens in Delta State, Nigeria

J. I. Kperegbeyi & A. M.  Orheruata…………..……………………………..……56

An Investigation into Civil Engineering Construction Equipments Rentals in Nigeria

Gana A. J. & Engr. Theophilus Tsado…………………………………………………..66

Pedagogical Issues in Designing Mobile Learning Application: A Review Study

Ayoade, Olusola Bamidele…………………………………………………………72

A Comparative Study of α-Tocopherol as an Antioxidant Factor Extracted from some common Nigerian Seed Oil

Chundusu, E. S., Gimba, J. D. & Danjuma Gwamzhi…………………………96

Assessment of Ambient Air Quality with Special Reference to PM₁₀ at the Waste Dumpsite Located in Osisioma Ngwa L.G.A., Nigeria

Nwakanma, C. & Ikwa, U. E……………………………………………….……..107

A Comparison of the Pseudo-Additive Mixed Fourier series Approach and the SARIMA Methodology to the Modeling of Rainfall in Uyo

Anyanso Chinomso………….……………………………………………………..119

The Effect of Bulk ZnO and ZnO Nano-particle Dispersions (cationic, anionic and non-ionic) on THP-1 Production of IL-8

Kanai E. T; Benjamin G.Y. & Wamagi, I. T……………………..…….…………130

Formulation of Water Based Paints using Polyvinyl Alcohol as Binder, Characterization and their Application on Cement Surface

¹Mohammed Abdullahi Baba^*; ¹Jamila Umar Ojoma; ²Aminu Sabo Musa & ¹Halima Idris Umaru

¹Department of Polymer and Textile Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

²Department of Textile Technology, Kano State Polytechnic, Kano

Email:mohammedbaba700@gmail.com, aminusabosm@gmail.com

Corresponding Author: Mohammed Abdullahi Baba

ABSTRACT­­­­

Water-based paints were formulated using polyvinyl alcohol as binder and applied on cement surface. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was dissolved in cold water and the mixture stirred continuously at 80^oC for 5hours until a homogenous solution was obtained. The solution obtained was highly viscous with a light amber colour. The paints were formulated using the PVA solution and subsequently, applied onto a flat cemented surface using a small hand brush. The viscosity and density of the paints were found to be ranged between 37-39 centipoises and1.02-1.09g/cm³,respectively. Series of test such as drying times, weathering and adhesion were successfully carried out. The formulated paints also recorded a very good light property of 7. The overall performances of the paints were found to be very good.

Keywords: Polyvinyl alcohol, pigments, light fastness, viscosity

Production of lightweight Concrete using Plastic Wastes as Coarse Aggregates

Gana A. J. & Chinonso O. D.

Department of Civil Engineering, College of Science and Engineering

Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State

Email: doctorgana@yahoo.com, Phildebo123@gmail.com

Corresponding Author: Gana A. J.

ABSTRACT

Concrete is regarded as the most widely used constriction material available nowadays because it can be prepared from locally available material , and also because of its flexibility in handing and placing, despite all its advantages, when it come to attaining the desired strength, it is the most unpredictable material encountered ever. Extensive research work and experiences gained over the years have shown that quality and durability of concrete depend mostly on the properties of its constituents, and at the same time, mix design, method of preparation, placement, curing condition, etc. This study examines the production of lightweight concrete by using plastic water as coarse aggregates, and also analyzed the effect of replacing material aggregate with plastic aggregate on the workability and compressive strength of structural lightweight concrete with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The study also examines a new potential technique to produce structural .lightweight concrete, and to encourage the constitution industry to make it as a new approach for future use in budding and construction sectors.

Keyword: production lightweight concrete, plastic wastes as coerce aggregates

Characteristics of Smallholder Sheep Production from selected Local Government Councils and States in Nigeria

E. O. Ahaotu¹, O. J. Ifut² & Akinfemi, A.³

¹Department of Animal Production and Health Technology, Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo,

²Department of Animal Science, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

³Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State University, Nigeria

Corresponding Author: E. O. Ahaotu

ABSTRACT The study was conducted in eight states (Imo, Akwa-Ibom, Abia, Bayelsa, Delta, Cross River, Edo and Lagos) in Nigeria with the use of structured questionnaires. 1200 questionnaires were administered randomly in selected three local government councils from eight states sampled. Questions were asked based on background production systems and constraints to sheep production. Data were analyzed separately using descriptive analysis.  The results showed that 25% of the sheep owners were females, while 75% commercial sheep farms employed male labour. West African Dwarf sheep was the common breed of sheep raised in the eight communities.  Majority of the household owners of sheep (57.57%) practiced free-range system of production, while a large percentage (75%) of the commercial sheep farms practiced intensive system of production. There were no specialized housing and feeding programmes, with a larger percentage of both categories feeding crop residues and cowpea husk to their sheep.  The household owners of sheep seldom feed forage to their sheep (17.86%), while 25% commercial sheep farms feed forage to the sheep. The common diseases in the area were diarrhoea, pneumonia and mange. Breeding of animals was not controlled in the study areas. The constraints to sheep production in the area included automobile accidents, seasonal lack of feed, diseases, theft, lack of capital and inadequate land area.

Reproductive Performance and Husbandry Practices of Indigenous Chickens in Delta State, Nigeria

J. I. Kperegbeyi ¹ & A. M.  Orheruata²

¹Department of Agricultural Technology, School of Agriculture, Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro

²Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City

Email: jameslovekperegbeyi@gmail.com

Corresponding Author: J. I. Kperegbeyi

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out using field data to investigate the reproductive performance and husbandry practices of indigenous chicken in Delta State. Traits considered were number of eggs lay­ per clutch, flock size, age at sexual maturity and body weight; and husbandry practices were house type, housing system, feed type and feeding practice . Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis to determine percentage distributions. Results obtained showed that the mean flock size, number of egg per clutch, sexual maturity and body weight of indigenous chicken ranged from 11 to 15 birds, 6 to 10 eggs, 7 to 12 months and 0.71 to 1.50 kg respectively. Percentage distribution of housing type used was 79.3 %, 20.7 % and 92.7 % for thatches, feed bags and netting and scavenging respectively. Feeding was not common as only 5.3 % of the farmers feed once a day. Therefore, it was concluded that the performance of indigenous chickens under traditional management practices was low. It is recommended that the indigenous chicken producers in Delta State should practice modern husbandry practices that could lead to higher performance.

Keywords: Traditional, husbandry practices, distribution, reproductive, indigenous chicken, performance

An Investigation into Civil Engineering Construction Equipments Rentals in Nigeria

Gana A. J. & Theophilus Tsado

Department of Civil Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara state

Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State

Email:doctorgana@yahoo.com; teaoggie@yahoo.com

Corresponding Author: Gana A. J.

ABSTRACT

Civil Engineering construction equipments play a vital role in the execution of construction projects in any country. This is a true picture of large construction companies whose successful activities depends on the sophisticated equipments that are available for daily operations in the field of Engineering. The Nigerian case of equipments rentals had in the past. Contributed in a great dimension to the success recorded in the field of Civil Engineering but of late diverse forms of negative observational concerns were noted. This study examiners fundamental of Civil Engineering construction equipments, classification of equipments, need for equipments hiring, its benefits, advantages of established plant hiring firms and challenges associated with construction equipments rentals in Nigeria. The study proffered recommendation and conclusion which are vital for consideration

Keywords: Investigation, Civil Engineering, Construction, Equipments, Rentals

Pedagogical Issues in Designing Mobile Learning Application: A Review Study

Ayoade, Olusola Bamidele

Department of Computer Science

Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria

Email: Ayoadebamidele2014@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Mobile technologies are more powerful and portable nowadays because, it embedded with varieties of useful tools which assist peoples in handling their daily life. Mobile learning provides unique learning experiences for learners in both formal and informal environments, supporting various pedagogies with the unique characteristics that are afforded by mobile technology. Mobile learning, as a growing topic of interest, brings challenges of design for teachers and course designers alike. Current research on mobile learning covered various aspects such as personalization, context sensitivity, ubiquity and pedagogy. With the advance of mobile technology, the issue of mobile learning has been widely investigated in e-learning research. Many researchers suggested that it is important to integrate pedagogical and technical strengths of mobile technology into learning environments. This review study focuses on the definition of mobile learning. The study surveyed recent researches on pedagogical strategy of designing mobile learning. Through this review study, essential steps to create and developed effective mobile learning strategy and guidelines to create interactive and engaging mobile learning courses were identified and discussed.

Keywords: Educational apps, Drill and Practice, I pad, LMS, Mobile Learning, Social Networks

A Comparative Study of α-Tocopherol as an Antioxidant Factor Extracted from some common Nigerian Seed Oil

Chundusu, E. S., Gimba, J. D. & Danjuma Gwamzhi

Department of Science

Plateau State Polytechnic, Barkin Ladi, Plateau State, Nigeria

E-mail: chumdusu2001@yahoo.com

Corresponding Author: Chundusu, E. S.

ABSTRACT

Vitamin E is the collective name for a set of eight related tocopherols and tocotrienols which are fat soluble vitamins with antioxidants properties.  This study evaluated the concentration of tocopherol in onion oil, benne seed oil and palm kernel oil. Oil from the seed samples were extracted using soxhlet apparatus with n- hexane and ethanol as solvents used. The oils were further analyzed using U.V spectrometer. All the oils analyzed contained various levels of tocopherol, with benne seed oil having the highest with concentration of 9.60μg/ml, palm kernel oil with concentration of 8.83μg/ml and onion oil with concentration of 6.41μg/ml. Since all the oils analyzed contained substantial amount of α tocopherol, they should be consumed more and conclusively, consuming the oil will help in protecting against free radicals which has been the underlying mechanism of threatening human diseases.

Assessment of Ambient Air Quality with Special Reference to PM10 at the Waste Dumpsite Located in Osisioma Ngwa L.G.A., Nigeria

Nwakanma, C. & Ikwa, U. E

Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria

Email: dr.nwakanmac@gmail.com

Corresponding Author: Nwakanma, C.

ABSTRACT

A study of ambient air quality with special reference to Particulate Matter (PM₁₀) at the waste dumpsite located at Osisioma Ngwa, Aba was carried out during the morning and evening hours of the dry season in Nigeria. Sample were collected from six designated areas of the dump sites at Osisioma and were labelled AQSP (1), AQSP (2), AQSP (3), AQSP (4),   AQSP (5), and AQSP (6), within the sample spaces, a control point was determined and labelled AQSP (7). The sampling was done with some hard hold air quality monitors to determine and measure the concentration of harmful pollutants in the environment. The mean values of Particulate Matter (PM₁₀) concentration during morning hour at the different location reads: Umuigwe dumpsite (6.32mg/m³); Umujima dumpsite (13.92mg/m³); Niger stone dumpsite (16.40mg/m³); Uratta Amaisa dumpsite (12.60mg/m³); Eyimba market dumpsite (7.20mg/m³); Asaeme dumpsite (6.40mg/m³) and Owerrinta control location (4.30mg/m³). Values obtained for evening hour reading include: Umuigwe dumpsite (6.32mg/m³); Umujima dumpsite (18.40mg/m³); Niger stone dumpsite (60.60mg/m³); Uratta Amaisa dumpsite (8.80mg/m³); Eyimba market dumpsite (7.82mg/m³); Asaeme dumpsite (3.16 mg/m³) and Owerrinta control location (2.86mg/m³). The data were analyzed using mixed effect models with random subject effect for repeated measurements. The results indicated that air quality concentrations were unfenced by meteorological factors like temperature, relative humidity and wind speed and the low concentrations obtained within the study area may be due to absence of major road construction.

Keywords: Air pollution, particulate matter, pollutant, contaminant, air monitoring, automobiles, waste dumpsite, Nigeria.

A Comparison of the Pseudo-Additive Mixed Fourier series Approach and the SARIMA Methodology to the Modeling of Rainfall in Uyo

Anyanso Chinomso

Department of Mathematics/ Statistics

Faculty of Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt

ABSTRACT

Accurate rainfall forecasting is very important to the economic development of a country. It is not just important to the government but also to individuals, farmers and private companies. This paper focuses on comparing the performances of two approaches to seasonal time series analysis. These approaches are the pseudo-additive mixed Fourier series approach and the SARIMA approach. The pseudo-additive Fourier series approach decomposes a time series into the traditional components in a mixed model. This is suitable for a time series with very small or zero values like that in the data used, while the ARIMA model has significant advantages especially in short run forecasting  saz [2011], The time series analysis methods were used to model the monthly rainfall of Uyo in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria . The data were monthly value for ten[10] years .A comprehensive outline of both analysis methods are presented in this paper as well as the advantages each have after the other . The performances were evaluated based on three[3] statistics; mean absolute error [MAE], mean absolute percentage error[MAPE] and mean squared deviation [MSD], The result at the end showed that the SARIMA model has a smaller MAE, MAPE and MSD values .As such, it is the better model.