Category Archives: International Journal of Social Sciences and Conflict Management 2018

AN EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS ON AFRICAN SECURITY STRUCTURE

Jibrin Ubale Yahaya, A. N Liman & A. Y Adadu

Department of political science Nasarawa State University, Keffi

Dean, Faculty of Social Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi

Director Consult, Nasarawa State University, Keffi

ABSTRACT

The wide availability of illegal small arms and light weapons in the hand of criminals is one of the fundamental problem affecting the peace and security not only to Africa in particular but to the entire global world communities. The paper examine the dangers posed by proliferation of small arms and light weapons like insurgency, militancy, arm bandit,  criminal hijackings and evaluate the efforts by global institutions, regional bodies and national structures on combating the menace which has not address the problem so far .The paper  propose alternative ways of   how to address the problem of Small arms and Light weapons at various level , the paper also further investigate, the failure of security agencies, level of society poverty, high number of unemployed youth, corruption in governance and porous borders are some of the factors that led to the proliferation of small arms and light weapons in Africa. The paper has the position for Africa as a region to get rid of this problem, security agents must be empowered, fighting poverty , corruption and effective border management must be one of the major security frame-work to be truly implemented at Global, Regional and National level to fight down the menace of small arms and Light weapons proliferation in Africa.

Keywords: Small Arms, Light Weapons, National Security Proliferation.

ROTATIONAL PRESIDENCY: VEHICLE OF NATIONAL INTEGRATION IN NIGERIA

David Aniefiok Titus & Uduakobong Jimmy Udoudoh

Department of Political Science, Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Uyo, Uyo,

Email: davtitus4@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

                                This study is aimed at investigating the concept of Rotational Presidency as a panacea to the problem of national integration in Nigeria. There has been a raging argument that the position of the president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria should rotate among the various ethnic nationalities and geo-political zones that make up the country. This is not strange as the Federal character principle of proportional sharing is firmly entrenched in the 1999 constitution as amended. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A sample size of 120 was selected across the six geo-political zones on the basis of simple random sampling. Analyses of the data were done using chi-square with decisions taken at 0.05 level of significance. From the study, a number of findings were obtained. The majority of the respondents agreed that there will be national integration and socio-economic development in Nigeria if rotational presidency is practised considering the heterogeneous nature of the country; but few argued that it will promote mediocrity, ethnicity and sectional politics. In conclusion, the research joins most respondents in recommending a constitutionalized rotational presidency toward Nigeria’s national integration quest.

  Keywords: National Presidency, National Integration, Power Shift, Zoning, Federal Character.

IDENTITY POLITICS AS OBSTACLE TO DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN NIGERIA

Linus Ugwu Odo

Department of Public Administration

Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State

E-mail dr.odolinus1@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Historically, identity politics in Nigeria has its origin in the British colonial system of indirect rule anchored on the policy of divide-and-rule. The system had survived the colonial rule and today poses serious challenges to the democratization process in the post-independence Nigeria. The paper is an investigation of the impact of identity politics on the country’s attempt at consolidating its fledgling democracy. The study relied on secondary source of data and adopted David Easton’s systems theory as its framework of analysis. The paper found that Nigerian elites employ ethnic, religious, regional and other differences to provoke conflict as a strategy for the acquisition of political influence in the process of power brokerage. In the same vein, the faction of the elites that gains political power also relies on the manipulation of the major fault-lines in the country’s political history to perpetuate their control of the state power. The practice has seriously undermined the efforts of government towards achieving democratic consolidation in the country as Nigerians come to think of themselves more in terms of ethnic, religious or other primordial attachments than as Nigerians with one nation, one destiny. The paper recommended the total and complete shut-down of the identity consciousness in the Nigerian body politics and the enthronement of patriotism and nationalism in order to build a solid democratic culture.

Keywords: Identity politics, democratization, indirect-rule, consolidation, post-independence, elites.

NEXUS BETWEEN GROWTH, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM THE DATA

Angbas, Jonathan Avreson & Ovye Alfred Angbas

Department of Economics

Nasarawa State University, Keffi

Email: avrenab@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

 Against the background of the fact that global poverty rates have worsened over the years, the United Nations in its global development agenda for the  next fifteen years plans to eliminate extreme global poverty. The fight against poverty and inequality through inclusive growth has thus emerged as a frontal issue in both economic, social and political discourse leading to the United Nations adoption of the global goals of sustainable development. It believes that eliminating the incidence of poverty, hunger and attaining optimum health in a sustainable manner for the population should be a global consensus that needs to be embraced by all nations. Though several nations have made progress in their attempt to grow, this has not impacted much on poverty reduction due to the fact that growth has not been inclusive. Using an ex-post facto research design analyzed through an auto regressive distributed lag model and co integration equation, this study finds that there is a weak long run relationship between growth, sustainable development and poverty reduction in Nigeria. There is also only a uni-directional causality between the human development index and sustainable development which has further heightened inequality worsening the poverty index of the country. This suggests that growth has not been substantial and inclusive enough to reduce the rate of poverty. There is an urgent need to re-structure public policy to focus on inclusive growth through increased access to the means of production which targets the largest proportion of the population. This is capable of lifting them out of the scourge of poverty and ensure that the country attains the global goal of total elimination of poverty and zero hunger as enunciated by the United Nations in its global development agenda. This must however be balanced against the efficient and prudent use of natural resources through sustainability for the present while considering future generations through preservation and conservation.

FOREIGN POLICY AND NATIONAL INTEREST: A CASE OF NIGERIA’S ROLE IN COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS

Saadu  Adamu & Muhammad  Abdullahi

Department of Political Science and International Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

Department of Political Science, Federal University, Gusau

Email: saadadamu2020@gmail.com; abdullahiramat@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Nigeria has no doubt played and still continues to play eminent role in the Commonwealth of Nations. The paper examines the participatory role of Nigeria in Commonwealth as dictated and guided by her national interest. Analyzing within the framework of Complex interdependence theory with focus on liberal perspective which assumes that states are not the only important actors, social welfare issues share center stage with security issues on the global agenda, and cooperation is as dominant a characteristic of international politics as conflict, the paper observes that Nigeria-Commonwealth relations affect the nation’s foreign policy objectives in variety of ways as reflected in decolonization, anti-apartheid struggle, defense, trade and investment, scientific and technological support and research , democratization, human rights, political crises, tackling corruption among others. However, as a peripheral participant with limited independence and autonomy in global politics, Nigeria’s role in Commonwealth have not significantly contributed to the realization of her national interest in a manner that maximize the economic, political and social welfare of the citizenry in the face of increasing rate of poverty, youth unemployment, economic recession, internal security threats by Boko Haram  insurgency and secessionist agitations, deindustrialization among other numerous challenges. This paper therefore concludes that for Nigeria to manifest and assert her true status in the international system in order to actualize her core national interest, she must be able to harness her numerous human and natural endowments for sustainable development and stability.

Keywords: Foreign Policy, National Interest

TOURISM AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF NIGERIA

¹Anchovur, Timothy Tyowase,  ²Ayuba, D. Mgbegah & ¹Nda, Guda Frederick

¹Department of Sociology, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

²Department of Sociology, University of Abuja – Nigeria

Email: anchovurtyowase@gmail.com, ayubadandoka1966@gmail.com 

ABSTRACT

This paper examined the relationship between tourism and socio-economic development in Nigeria. Based on the report of the World Travel and Tourism Council in 2014, the paper highlighted the need to harness the potentials of tourism industry in order to boost socio-economic development of Nigeria. Challenges facing tourism sector in Nigeria include, among others, lack of infrastructure and insecurity. The paper therefore recommends that deliberate efforts should be made by the Nigerian government to increase investment in infrastructure, step-up security and encourage public-private partnership to boost tourism industry in the country.

Keywords: Tourism, Socio-economic Development, World Travel and Tourism Council, Nigeria

IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON ATTAINMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS (A STUDY OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC ABA, ABIA STATE, NIGERIA

Melletus Uchechukwu Agbo

Department of Business Administration

College of Management Sciences

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria

Email: agbomelletus@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The study examined the impact of leadership styles on the attainment of organizational effectiveness with respect to Nigerian breweries plc. Aba. Simple percentage table in analysing the collected data was adopted and was used to test the research questions posed in the study. While simple regression and correlation will be used to test the hypotheses in this study with the use of SPSS V. 23. Using the simple regression statistical tool, It was found that R square value of 0.731 which elucidates that 73% of the change and variations in the dependent variable is caused by the independent variable and at a significant level of 1% that 0.000 at an Adjusted R-value, the coefficient is still positive signifying a strong correlation between leadership style and organizational profitability of Nigerian breweries plc. Aba. Secondly, R² which is the coefficient of determination between the dependent and independent. The R square value of 0.69 which elucidates that 69% of the change and variations in the dependent variable is caused by the independent variable and at a significant level of 1% that 0.000 at an Adjusted R-value, the coefficient was still positive signifying a strong correlation between charismatic leadership styles and attainment of organizational goals of Nigerian breweries plc. Aba. Equally, ANOVA table the P- value for the model was 0.000 which means that the model was statistically significant since the P-value was less than 0.005. The result of the analysis revealed that the calculated t-value of 20.995 is greater than the table value (-3.169), therefore, the null (H₀) hypothesis is rejected, while the alternatives hypothesis (H₁) accepted. Conclusively, there is positive and significant relationship between leadership style and organizational productivity of Nigerian breweries plc. Aba. Secondly, there is positive and significant effect of charismatic leadership styles and attainment of organizational goals of Nigerian breweries plc. Aba.  Finally, that there is positive and significant relationship between Participative leadership styles and attainment of organizational market share of Nigerian breweries plc. Aba.

Keywords: leadership styles, organizational effectiveness, Transactional Leadership, Transformational Leadership

LANGUAGE AND IDEOLOGY OF POLITICAL INTERACTIONS IN NIGERIA’S NATIONAL GOOD GOVERNANCE TOUR (NGGT)

Abaya Henry Demenongo

Department of English

University of Ibadan, Ibadan Nigeria

Email: abayahenry@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Several issues have shaped political discourse in Nigeria since her independence. Speeches read from scripts and other texts as well as various media forums have been major sources of data. Political interactions, dealing with spontaneous discourse/speech events have hardly been subject of discourse. Recently one of the platforms that transverse the Nigerian political sphere is the National Good Governance Tour (NGGT) of Nigeria; this study therefore, explores language use in the tour and ideologies transmitted, and the purpose with which language use in the tour serves. The study adopts Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), as its theoretical framework and Hallidays’ SFL, to identify language and ideology in the political interactions. Data for the study was sourced by downloads from the website of the federal ministry of information, and live recordings as televised. The discourse interactions were played over, listened to, and transcribed verbatim as uttered for the purpose of this study. Findings indicate that the interactions sought to counter the dominant apathetic ideology of most Nigerians with that of optimism through pungent and direct spontaneous spoken discourse. It was established also that CDA can explore the relationship between language and ideology of political interactions.

Key words: Political Interaction, Ideology, CDA, SFL,

Word count – 193