• January 9, 2020
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A Comparison of Probit Regression and Binary Regression

Category : International Journal of Sciences and Advanced Innovative Research, Volume 4, Number 3, 2019

Robinson Amos Ibuchi; Okeregwu Blessing Amaka; Ockiya, Atto Kennedy; & Inamete Emem   Ndah H.

Department of Mathematics & Statistics

Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rivers State, Nigeria

Email: ibuchirobinsonamos@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

In this research, an evaluation of the relationship between a response variable and several explanatory variables were considered using Binary and probit regression. The methods used in the analysis were descriptive statistics and regression techniques. This research focuses on the household utilized/non utilizes primary health care services with a formulated questionnaire, which were administered to 400 households. The statistical Software packages used are M icrosoft Excel, SPSS 21 and Minitab 16. The result showed that the Binary regression model is the best fit in modelling binary response variable in form of a count data; based on the two assessment criteria employed [Akaike Information Criterions (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterions (BIC)].

Keywords: Probit regression, Binary regression, Household Utilized/Non Utilizes Primary Health Care Services.

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  • January 9, 2020
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Assessment of the Challenges of Informal Land Delivery System in Karu Urban Area (KUA), Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Sciences and Advanced Innovative Research Volume 4, Number 2, 2019

1Baba, Ezekiel Bahago, 2Dantudu Asma’u Shehu Usman, 3Anikajogun, Bibiana Ometere

1Departmentof Urban and Regional Planning, 1Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Kaduna State,

2Departmentof Urban and Regional Planning, 1Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Kaduna State,

3Departmentof Urban and Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State

Emails: 1easybahago@gmail.com, asmaudantudu@gmail.com, bibianaometere@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Cumbersome nature in cost and time of acquiring land for development in the developing world has necessitated the shift to other options to land acquisition. This scenario brought about Informal Land Delivery System (ILDS). Since land is the pedestal upon which the fabric of the city exists and operates, it is pivotal to an efficient and effective urban management. The research set out to assess the challenges of ILDS in Karu Urban Area (KUA). To achieve that, the study was able to examine the Existing Nature of Land Delivery System in Karu Urban Area (KUA) and the challenges it faces. At the end of the study, it was established that the public urban land only constitutes 14.80% of the total built up area of the urban area while the private sector constitutes the bulk of the 85.20% of the built up area (63,960 plots of land, using standard measurement of 1000m2). This signifies that the public or formal sector only control 14.80% of the total built up area of the KUA giving rise to informal sector which controls the bulk of development in terms of land acquisition and accessibility in the urban area. The study also revealed that approximately 6,396 Ha (63,960 plots of land, using standard measurement of 1000m2) were delivered through the ILDS among which landholding families supplied 74% of the plots of land. In assessing the challenges of this sector, the study revealed that the resident’s personal income is the predominant challenges of fund raising for the purpose of Land acquisition in KUA with 56.3% against Loan from financial institutions, cooperatives, friends and associates which stood at 18.8%. Time taking to access a plot of land, payment of commission to land agents, dispute over plot of land and cost of land at the period of sales and purchase are other challenges with 38.9% accessed their plots of land after three years from the period of payment against 22.1%, 13.9% and 8.2% who access their plot of land in less than three months, four months to one year and one to three years respectively and 53.4% paid commission for their land acquired for development against 25.5% who did not pay while 22.6% of the total land acquired had dispute on their plot of lands acquired with 16.8% are dispute on plot boundaries while disputes on double allocation, inheritance and validity of ownership constitutes 2.4%, 1.4% and 1.0% respectively. As a result of this established facts of this study, the following recommendations were given, there should be integration of KUA to the FCC so as allow FCDA to regulate development in the area, Nasarawa State Urban Development Board should have full control in distribution and allocation in the urban area and the government should make land distribution and acquisition for development less cumbersome for every citizen of the area.

KEYWORDS: Karu Urban Area, Informal Land Delivery System, Challenges

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  • January 9, 2020
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CONTENTS

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research Number 4, volume 3. 2019

Economic Downturn: Policies Adopted By Construction Professionals in the Management of Construction Cost Escalation in Nigeria

I.M. Oyemogum, D.T. Dabwor& S. Aboh.………………………………………………. 1

The Impact of Training on Staff Performance in an Organization
Bello, B. S.;  Ahmed, Abdulkazeem;   Abdullahi, F. H.;   Ozimede, Elizabeth O.; &

 Saidu, A. B……………………………………………………………………………..………7

Nexus between Commercial Banks’ Loan to Manufacturing Sector and Economic Growth in Nigeria 1986 – 2018

Maria Abdullahi; Ladan Amina Shuni & Musa Abdullahi Sakanko………….…………16

Fourier Time Series Analysis of Nigeria Gross Domestic Product

Lekara-Bayo, Ifeoma Better & Etuk, Ette Harrison…………………..……………………28

Fiscal Policy and Unemployment: The Nigerian Conundrum

Christopher N. Ekong, Joel I. Okon, and Ubong E. Effiong…………………………..….44

A Study of the Factors Influencing Real Estate Investment Growth in Lagos, Nigeria

Olowofeso, Edamisan………………………………………………….……………………65

Macro Prudential Policy: A Comparison between the Us and Uk, and the Lesson for Nigeria

Samuel Dame & Philemon Mide…………………………………….……………………..78

Theoretical Arguments for and Against the Market Based Financial System

Philemon Mide………………………………………………………………………………86

  • January 9, 2020
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THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS FOR AND AGAINST THE MARKET BASED FINANCIAL SYSTEM

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research Number 4, volume 3. 2019

Philemon Mide

Department of Accountancy,

Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State

Email: midadino@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This study explores into some bodies of knowledge in order to establish a preference by rating the performances of bank-based and market-based financial system. A sample t-test using the credit ratio ability (in terms of GDP) to private sector of each financial system was conducted on a random sample. Holding the legal factor and the level of development of financial players constant, the result plus other bodies of evidences give a priority rating to the market-oriented over the bank-oriented financial system.

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  • January 9, 2020
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MACRO PRUDENTIAL POLICY: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE US AND UK, AND THE LESSON FOR NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research Number 4, volume 3. 2019

Samuel Dame & Philemon Mide

Department of Accountancy,

Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba StateEmail:samuedame19@gmail.com & midadino@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Over the years the focal point of prudential policies has been on micro-issues. But the consequences financial crises made advances economies proactive on addressing inadequacies of existing prudential guidelines. In doing that, prudential guidelines are expanded to include macro-issues (Basel III), which focus on the macro-prudential regulation, ensure the resilience and stability of the financial system and lessen the overreliance on taxpayer money to salvage the banks during these periods. BASEL III requirements however, range from increased in capital adequacy and common equity ratios, deposit insurance, introduction of TLAC, Bail-in/living will, Buffers and countercyclical buffers among others. This paper made the comparison of UK and US prudential guideline with the view of drawing lessons for Nigeria.

Keywords:  Financial crisis,Macro prudential policy, financial stability, capital buffers 

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  • January 9, 2020
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A STUDY OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT GROWTH IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research Number 4, volume 3. 2019

Olowofeso, Edamisan

Department of Entrepreneurship, School of Management Technology

The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

E-mail: eolowofeso@futa.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Due to the immense contribution of real estate to economic development in Nigeria, This study investigates the factors influencing the real estate investment growth in Lagos, Nigeria. Primary data structured in 5- Likert scale were collected from real estate professionals practice in Lagos State. The data collected were analysed using SPSS 23.0 Fifteen variables were identified as factors that influence the growth of real estate practice, the variables were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation. Keiser-Meyer-Olkin’s (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity were employed to test the factorability of the data. The KMO obtained for the study was 0.734 and significant at the level of 0.000. Bartlett’s test showed an approximate Chi-Square of 1538.303 with 105 degrees of freedom that significant at p = 000. The cumulative percentage of the variance showed that the three factors account for about 67% of the total variance. The analysis shows that variables with the highest loading factors for each of the extracted constraint factors. For instance, innovation loads with 83.7% on factor 1; length of operation loads with 97.3% on factor 2; and education background of the respondents’ loads with 74.8% on factors 3 were the most significant factors that can influence the growth of real estate practice in the study area.

Keywords: Determinant, Real Estate Investment, Growth, Lagos, Nigeria

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  • January 9, 2020
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FISCAL POLICY AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE NIGERIAN CONUNDRUM

Category : International Journal of Sciences and Advanced Innovative Research, Volume 4, Number 3, 2019

Christopher N. Ekong, Joel I. Okon, and Ubong E. Effiong

Department of Economics

University of Uyo, Uyo

Email:ubongeffiong78@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT                                 

The study aimed at examining the influence of fiscal policy on unemployment in Nigeria for the period 1990-2018 with a view to ascertaining the effectiveness of fiscal policy tools in counteracting the problem of unemployment. The study used unemployment rate as the dependent variable; tax revenue, capital expenditure, recurrent expenditure and external debt as proxies for fiscal policy while inflation rate and exchange rate were introduced as control variables. Stationarity tests were carried out on the variables using the Augmented Dicker Fuller and Phillips-Perron Tests and the Johanson Co-integration Test was employed to ascertain the short-run and long-run relationship among the co-integrating equations. The OLS estimate was employed to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. It was found that capital expenditure, recurrent expenditure, external debts, inflation rate and exchange rate have a positive relationship with unemployment in the long-run, only tax revenue was found to have an opposite relationship with unemployment rate. However, in the short-run, capital expenditure, recurrent expenditure and external debts reduced unemployment rate whereas inflation rate, exchange rate and tax revenue were positive. It is recommended that borrowed funds be used only for the intended productive purposes. There should be strict monitoring of government projects to ensure that every naira spent counts. The fight against corruption must be upheld to restore sanity into the polity and accountability in the use of public funds. There is need to transmogrify the economy into a productive hub, this will reduce the rate of external borrowing, inflationary pressures and enhance effective and beneficial exchange rate policy. Tax policies/regimes should not be such that discourage investments and other productive economic activities. There is need to urgently address the lack of sustained political will to implement viable economic policies and strictly adhere to every aspect of those policies. Any recommendations will be useless if not implemented to the later.

Key words: Fiscal Policy, Unemployment

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  • January 9, 2020
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FOURIER TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF NIGERIA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research Number 4, volume 3. 2019

Lekara-Bayo, Ifeoma Better & Etuk, Ette Harrison

Department of Mathematics

Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt 

ABSTRACT

The study Fourier time series analysis of Nigeria gross domestic product from 2005 to 2015 of quarterly data is an important part of modern time series analysis. The study employed Fourier periodic time series analysis and adequately model gross domestic product over time. The detailed background of Nigeria gross domestic product to date is highlighted in the study. The parameters of the model yield an adequate model for the study. A computational algorithm for the model estimation gives better understanding of the procedures for estimation. The descriptive property of the gross domestic product was obtained on the transformed data. The test of unit root was achieved by Augmented Dickey-Fuller of order 1, with ACF, PACF and Residuals plots. The test of significance of the general model was achieved and the P-P Plot indicates that the model fits the data. The research work provides an autoregressive model of order 2, Fourier series model, time series decomposition plot, component analysis, trend analysis plot for linear model of gross domestic product. The research work provides forecast values of five years from 2016 to 2020.

Keyword: Fourier time series analysis, Nigeria GDP, ACF, PACF

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  • January 9, 2020
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CONTENTS

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences Number 4, volume 3, 2019

In Vitro  Callus Induction Potentials of Wheat Genotypes using Mature Embryo as Ex-Plant Source under different Levels of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) M.K. Haruna, C.U. Aguoru, C.C. Iheukwumere, & I.D. Salisu …………….….1

Ocular Morbidity in the Elderly Population of Nyanya, Abuja, Nigeria

Onwukwe, N.A. & Okafor, P. C. ………………………………….…………….15

Histomorphology of Intracranial Tumors in Benin-City, Nigeria

Udoh MO, Udoh DO, Aligbe JU, Olu-Eddo AN, Ekanem VJ & Akhiwu W.O………………………………………………………………………………….27

The Effect of Noise Pollution on Human Cardiovascular System

Favour Chukumela Woko………………………………………………….………41

Working Mother Attitude and Practice of Exclusive Breast Feeding Pattern among Banker in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

Ilori O.A 1Nupo S.S, 2Akinlotan J.V, 1Nupo O.A, & 3Adenekan M.K…………49

Isolation and Structural Elucidation of 20 hydroxyecdystone from Vitex doniana Sweet Stem bark (Black plum)

Mustapha A. Tijjani, Y.A. Shettima, Fanna I. Abdulrahman; Irfan Z. Khan; Cong Li……………………………………………………………………………..59

Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Efficacy of Leaf Extracts of Nauclea latifolia L.

Malami Y.G., Lawal F.B. & Garba S.T………………………………………….65

  • January 9, 2020
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Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Efficacy of Leaf Extracts of Nauclea latifolia L.

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences Number 4, volume 3, 2019

Malami Y.G., Lawal F.B. & Garba S.T.

Department of Science laboratory Technology

Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto, Nigeria

ABSTRACT:

Nauclea la tifolia is a valuable medicinal plant that is widespread in the humid tropical rainforest or in savannah woodland zone of West and Central Africa. Different parts of the plant possess remarkable therapeutic actions that can support the traditional usage of this plant in the treatment of several ailments. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial efficacy of the leaf extracts were evaluated. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard procedure, the chemical ingredients detected were Flavonoids, Tannins, Saponins, Alkaloids, Steroids, Glycosides, Saponins glycosides, Volatile oils and absent of Cardiac glycosides, Balsam and Anthraquinones. Antibacterial efficacy of the leaf extract was also tested against certain strains of clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The antibacterial test results had indicated that, the test isolates were sensitive to the leaf extract of the plant with the highest efficacy against Salmonella typhi (33mm) at 200mg/ml, Klebsiella pneumoniae (40mm) at 200mg/ml, Staphylococcus aureus (11mm) at 200mg/ml, Streptococcus spp (14mm) at 200mg/ml and lowest activity at 25mg/ml. The extract found to showed strong inhibitory effect against the test isolates at higher concentration which was in dose dependent manner. The study had indicated that the leaf extracts of the plant has potential against microbial infections.

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