Category Archives: International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences , VOLUME 5, NUMBER 1, 2020

PANCREATIC BIOPSY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN BENIN CITY: A FIFTEEN-YEAR HISTOPATHOLOGICAL REVIEW.

Udoh M.O. & Obahiagbon I.

Department of Pathology

University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria

Email: ikflex@yahoo.com; Corresponding Author: Obahiagbon I.

ABSTRACT: Pancreatic lesions continue to be important causes of morbidity and mortality. The most significant disorders of the pancreas as reported in the developed world include cystic fibrosis, congenital anomalies, acute and chronic pancreatitis, pseudocysts, and neoplasms. Population distributions are mostly reported from the developed world and there is paucity of epidemiological data on pancreatic diseases from developing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the histopathological pattern as well as the age and sex distribution of the various lesions histopathologically diagnosed of pancreatic biopsy specimens in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, between January 2005 and December 2019. It was a hospital based, retrospective review of the records obtained from the archives of the Department of Pathology (Morbid Anatomy), University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. The reports of pancreatic biopsies received in our tertiary care centre over the 15-year study period were reviewed. Only 19 pancreatic biopsy specimens were received accounting for 0.05% of the total number of specimens received during this period. Nine (9) of them (47.4%) were from males while 10 (52.6%) were from females. The ages of the patients ranged from 6 to 71years, with a mean age of 50.3years. Eleven (11) cases were malignant neoplasms (57.9%, 10 primary, 1 metastatic), 4 were inflammatory lesions (21.1%) and 4 cases (21.1%) essentially normal pancreatic tissue. There were no benign neoplasms. Pancreatic lesions appear to be quite uncommon in our environment, with ductal adenocarcinoma being the most frequently encountered neoplasm in keeping with the global trend. The possible reasons for the low rate of pancreatic biopsy in this environment are discussed.

Keywords: Pancreatic biopsy, histopathology, Benin City.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF EYELID TUMOURS, A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE OVER A 12 YEAR PERIOD

Ojevwe H Egbo¹ and Ikponwosa Obahiagbon²

¹Department of Anatomic and Histopathology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State

²Department of Morbid Anatomy, University of Benin, Benin-City, Edo State

Email: harrisojess@yahoo.com; Corresponding Author: Ojevwe H Egbo

ABSTRACT:

Tumours of the eyelid are relatively rare, and can cause obvious challenges and significant morbidity. Benign and malignant tumours can originate from structural elements of the eyelid. This study aims to identify and describe the histopathological pattern and distribution of eyelid tumours in our environment. Alleyelid tumours from the records and files of the Department of Morbid Anatomy, University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) over a study period spanning from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2014 were reviewed. Age, gender, and nature of specimen and histological diagnosis were reviewed and subsequently classified using the current World Health Organisation Histologic Classification of Eye. Fourth Edition 2018. A total of 45 cases were seen over the study period, with 24 males (53.3%) and 21 females (46.7%), giving a ratio of 1:1.1. Their ages ranged from 1 – 84 years with an overall median age of 28 years. The age groups of less than 20 years, second and third decades were most affected accounting for 37.8%, 31.1% and 15.6% respectively. Majority of the eyelid tumours were benign with epidermal cyst and pyogenic granuloma 9 (20.0%) each. Eyelid tumours affect all age groups with a slight male predominance and bimodal peaks in the first and third decades. Benign tumours were significantly commoner than malignant tumours. Epidermal cyst and pyogenic granuloma were the most prevalent amongst all tumours seen.

Key words: Eyelid, tumours, Histopathological pattern. 

A STUDY OF IN-HOSPITAL ADULT (15-60 YEARS) MORTALITY IN A NIGERIAN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Uchendu Obiora Jude

Department of Histopathology

Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State

Email: ojlinksent@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT:

Adult mortality is serious public health concern and better understanding of its structure is invaluable to improving adult survival. The study aims at evaluating the mortality pattern of adults (15-60 years) admitted into Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria (DELSUTH). The study is 3 years (2016-2018) descriptive, retrospective study of adult deaths in DELSUTH, using the parameters of age, sex, cause of death and month of death. Analysis was done with SPSS version 22. In 3 years, 604 adult deaths within the age range of 15-60 years were documented, representing 56.6% of the hospital mortality, consisting of 319 males and 285 females with a mean age of 42.49 years and a male to female ratio of 1:1.1. The months of lowest number of deaths were in May and September; while the peaks were in April and July. The proportion of deaths in 2016, 2017 and 2018 are 22.2%, 43.4% and 36.4% respectively. Non-communicable disease (NCD), communicable disease (CD) and fatal injuries accounted for 393 (65.1%), 115 (19.0) and 96 (15.9%) deaths with cerebrovascular accident, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Road Traffic Accident (RTA) being the leading cause of each respective group. Adult mortality is relatively common, affects more males than females and is more common among the older age groups. NCDs are the leading cause of death while AIDS and RTA accounted for majority of CD and injury fatalities respectively.

Keyword: Adult, diseases, mortality, Non-communicable disease

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF THE LEAVES AND ROOTS OF Starchytarpheta cayennennsis (L) VAHL

¹Oruk, A. E.; ²Echeme, J. O. & ¹Ibout A. A.

¹Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua

²Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State,

Email: orukalbert@gmail.com

Correspondence: ¹Oruk, A. E.

ABSTRACT:  The roots and leaves of Stachytarphate cayennensis were obtained from the School horticultural farm and was identified by a botanist in the Biological Science Unit of the Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua. The plant parts were subjected to proximate analysis using standard methods proposed by Association of Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The results in milligram per 100 grams (mg/100 g) on the leaves were: moisture content 45.12 ± 0.250, carbohydrate 74.69 ± 1.300, crude protein 17.66 ± 0.125, crude fibre 5.68 ± 1.001, crude fat 1.12 ± 0.130 and ash content 0.85 ± 0.007 while the concentrations on the root were moisture content 50.00 ± 0.110, carbohydrate 77.00 ± 0.501, crude protein 11.50 ± 0.162, crude fat 1.00 ± 0.331, crude fibre 5.50 ± 0.108 and ash content was 5.00 ± 0.131 respectively. The nutritional values on the leaves and roots were the main focus of this research.

keywords: Roots, Composition, Comparative, Studies cayennesis, Stanchytarpheta, Vahl. Proximate

TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND ITS PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TERMINAL DISEASES IN IGBO LAND NIGERIA

Ayuk Clara Oben& Mgbenkemdi E.H

Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology

Department of Psychology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology

Email: sayhitoayukclara@gmail.com; iamejike@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT:

This study on traditional medicine and psychological effectiveness in the treatment of terminal diseases was carried out among women in Igboland, South-Eastern, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between traditional healing and treatment of hemorrhoids as well as the relationship between traditional healing and the treatment of diabetes among women. Two hypotheses were formulated to determine the outcome of the study. In-depth interviews were conducted to observe the procedures in the traditional treatment of diabetes and piles. 40 respondents participated in the study and data collected using a 10-item structured questionnaire. Instruments of data analysis were the simple Chi Square and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. Study found that there was no significant relationship between traditional healing and treatment of hemorrhoids as well as a perfect negative correlation between traditional healing and treatment of diabetes mellitus among women in Igboland. The study concluded that the treatment of hemorrhoids and diabetes in the traditional healing system was simply to eliminate pains and eradicate the symptoms, and that complete cure of diabetes involves other factors such as nutrition, physical activities, etc.

Keywords: Traditional medicine, psychological effectiveness, management and terminal diseases

KIDNEY FUNCTION IN ARTHRITIS

Ikpe Vitalis

Department of Biochemistry

Caritas University, Amorji-Nike, Enugu

Email: vitalis.ikpe@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT:

Arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease associated with potentially debilitating joint inflammation. Sixty-six blood samples were collected into plain bottles from arthritis patients (33 males and 33 females, aged 30-55yrs) and another sixty-six samples from non-arthritis subjects (33 males and 33 females, aged 30-55yrs) as controls. These samples were analysed for sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea and creatinine concentrations. The concentration of sodium was 138.5±7.5mmol/l for control and 132.5 4.5mmol/l for arthritis patients, potassium concentration was 3.75 1.25mmol/l for controls and 4.25 .75mmol/l for arthritis patients, chloride concentration was 102  6.0 mmol/l for control subjects and 100 5.0mmol/l for arthritis patients, bicarbonate concentration was 24  4.0mmol/l for controls and 22.5 3.5m mol/l for arthritis subjects. Urea concentration was 3.85  2.35mmol/l for non-arthritis subjects and 11.85 4.55mmol/l for arthritis patients while creatinine concentration was 88.4  442 mol/l for non-arthritis subjects and 283  115 mol/l for arthritis subjects. These results show statistically significant  increases in potassium, urea and creatinine concentrations and decreased levels of sodium, chloride and bicarbonate in arthritis. It is therefore recommended that kidney function assessment should be incorporated in the treatment and management profile of arthritis patients.

Keywords: kidney function, assessment, arthritis, alteration.