Category Archives: International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

CONTENTS

Differential Response of Three Carrot Genotypes to Different Levels of Organic and Inorganic Manure Applications in Derived Guinea Savanna Zone

Abolusoro S.A, S.A. Ige, C. Aremu, O.bello &A.A. Gbadamosi ……….…… 1

Influence of Parental Alcohol Consumption on Children’s Drinking Behaviour: A Psychoanalytic Assessment

Mgbenkemdi Ejike. H & Eze N. E ………………………………..…………..        11

Influence of African Cassava Mosaic Disease (ACMD) on the Proximate, Mineral and Anti-Nutrient Composition of the Stem Cuttings of Manihot esculenta CRANTZ

Uboh, D. G., SAM, S. M., Edet, E. A. & Bassey, I. N. …………………       21

Assessment of Genetic Variation and Heritability of Seedling Emergence Traits, and Association with Grain Yield Characteristics of some Tropical Maize Varieties representing different Breeding Eras

Abolusoro Stephen, Sunday Ayodele Ige, Omolaran BelloAremu Charity ….  30

Geotechnical Properties of Landmark University Lateritic Soil Stabilized with Cassava Peel Ash

Gana A.J, Adewara Sunday O., Aremu Charity. O & Oluwatomisin A.G … 43

Prevalence of Amblyopia among Primary School Children in Enugu, Nigeria

Osuji Samuel Chibueze, Ejidike G. Ebele, Oduntan Olalekan Alabi,  Onyekwere Francis & Nwokedi Apollos Rapuluchukwu …….………….…… 55

Emotional Intelligence and Work Overload as Predictors of Burnout among Health Workers in Makurdi Metropolis

Chinelo Helen Ogwuche; Joseph Ianna Nyam & Atabo Cyril Paul ………… 63

Availability and utilization of instructional materials in a North-west School of Nursing, Nigeria

Haddad M.M., Agaba L.O., Suberu A., Danjuma A., Patricia H.A., Idris A., Samuel G.A. & Murtala Musa ………………………………………………… 77

Differential Response of Three Carrot Genotypes to Different Levels of Organic and Inorganic Manure Applications in Derived Guinea Savanna Zone

Abolusoro S.A¹, S.A. Ige¹, C. Aremu¹, O.bello² andA.A. Gbadamosi³

¹Departmentof Crop and Soil Science, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria

 ² Department of Biological Science, ^Fountain University, Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria

³ Teaching and Research Farm, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria

Email: ige.sunday@lmu.edu.ng         

ABSTRACT

Performance of Carrots varies with levels of fertilizer application. As a root crop, maintaining high root yield requires knowledge of the optimal fertilizer requirement especially when production soil type is characterized by gravels indicating low moisture retention ability. Minimizing the loading of galvanized soil with inorganic manure is crucial in enhancing soil moisture retention and growing healthy food crops with minimal chemical residue.  This study was conducted at Landmark University during the period of 2015 and 2016 planting seasons to assess the differential response of three Carrot genotypes to different levels of Organic and Inorganic fertilizer application in Southern Savanna Zone. The experiments were conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data collected on leave number, fresh leave weight, plant height and fresh root weight were subjected to analysis of Variance. Different between means were partitioned using Duncan Multiple Range test at 5% probability level (p = 0.05). The study revealed that at application of 1t/ha of organic manure, the three carrot genotypes responded differently and significantly for fresh root yield. At all levels of both Organic and Inorganic manure applications, the three Carrot genotypes responded differentially for root yield either significant or non-significant at different levels of applicationmanure. This study identified that growing  ALBAKA NOMA and ROHAMA NOMA carrot genotypes under the organic manure regime recorded highest  root yields of  40.87t/ha, 41.48t/ha and 41.58t/ha respectively. These identified genotypes can be grown as organic carrots for health benefits in guinea savanna ecology.

Keywords:  Carrot, genotypes, organic and inorganic manure, gravanized soil, levels of manure, response.      

        

Influence of Parental Alcohol Consumption on Children’s Drinking Behaviour: A Psychoanalytic Assessment

Mgbenkemdi Ejike. H¹ & Eze N. E²

Department of Psychology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology

Department of Health and Physical Education, Enugu State University of Science and Technology

iamejike@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT

The study investigated the influence of parental alcohol consumption on children’s drinking behavior. Using survey sampling technique, 120 undergraduate students from Faculty of Social Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT) in Agbani metropolis were drawn to participate in the study voluntarily. The Ewing (1982) cage questionnaire was designed to access alcoholism. The cage alcoholism questionnaire was adapted for Nigeria use by Abumiyi (1984) with reliability coefficient of 0.72, hence the instrument was considered valid and reliable. A survey design was used in this study, and chi-square (x² 2×2) contingency table was used for data analysis. The result showed that there was no statistically significant influence of father’s alcohol consumption on children drinking behavior. The result equally indicated that there was no statistically significant influence of mother’s alcohol consumption on children drinking behaviour. These results may be as a result of the children of the alcohol addict or drunkard suffering from social stigma due to their parents’ psychomotor impairment. They may perceive their parents’ behaviour as a disgrace as such their integrity and personality reduced to nothing and would not like to be influenced by such attitudes, rather may decide to drink responsibly. The results were discussed in relation to relevant literatures. Keywords: Parents, Alcohol Consumption, Children, Drinking Behaviour

Influence of African Cassava Mosaic Disease (ACMD) on the Proximate, Mineral and Anti-Nutrient Composition of the Stem Cuttings of Manihot esculenta CRANTZ

¹Uboh, D. G., ²SAM, S. M., ³Edet, E. A. and, ⁴Bassey, I. N.

¹Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua, Nigeria

²Department of Biological Sciences, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Nigeria

³Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua, Nigeria

⁴Department of Botany and Ecological Studies, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

Email: ubohdg@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The utilization of the stem cuttings of most cassava varieties for agricultural and research purposes are sometimes limited due to disease attack and poor understanding of their nutritional and anti-nutritional status. In this research, test plants were sourced and propagated in a completely randomized design method. Five months post propagation (PP), infected and healthy stem cuttings (0 – 20cm) of M. esculenta were obtained and analyzed for elemental, proximate and anti-nutrient contents using standard protocols as described by Association of Official Analytical Chemist. The results of elemental composition revealed that ACMD caused significant reductions (P < 0.05) in most elements assayed. The mean values of 13.83 ± 0.31, 11.25 ± 0.20 and 27.30 ± 0.30 mg/100g were obtained for phosphorus, calcium and iron in infected sample against the values of 25.08 ± 0.41, 16.20 ± 1.11 and 31.63 ± 0.10 mg/100g for healthy sample. Besides lipid and ash amounts, other proximates analyzed were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the diseased than healthy sample. The ACMD-infected plant showed significant increases in all the anti-nutrient values studied when compared with the corresponding values obtained for the uninfected plant. ACMD can be controlled by the use of resistant varieties and adherence to best phytosanitational measures during and after propagation.

Assessment of Genetic Variation and Heritability of Seedling Emergence Traits, and Association with Grain Yield Characteristics of some Tropical Maize Varieties representing different Breeding Eras

Abolusoro Stephen¹; Sunday Ayodele Ige¹, Omolaran Bello² Aremu Charity¹

¹Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Landmark University PMB 1001, Omu-Aran,

²Department of Agronomy, Federal University Gashua, Nigeria.

ABSTRACTS

Ten tropical maize varieties were evaluated at two location during the cropping season of 2007 and 2008 to assess the genetic variation and heritability of seedling emergence traits, and association with grain yield characteristics. Genotypic relative to phenotype variation were higher for all traits. Variety DMRLSR-Y had highest 300 kernel weight (105.2g), but least grain yield and second to the least emergence percentage, indicates bigger kernel and highest kernel weight /cob but low plant stands. Genotypic and agronomic correlation analysis revealed positive associations (p < 0.01) between grain yield and emergence percentage (E%) and 300 kernel weight, however, anthesis-silking interval was negatively correlated with physiological maturity period and 300 kernel weight. Improvement of this variety for higher emergence percentage is therefore predicted for higher grain yield. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation (GCV & PCV) were high for emergence percentage (41% and 45%) and grain yield (25% and 32%) respectively, suggesting that these characters are under the influence of genetic control. High heritability in broad sense coupled with maximum genetic advance recorded by emergence percentage (E%) and 300 kernel weight implying that phenotypic selection could identify superior genotypes for these traits.

Keywords: Genetic, Emergence, seedling, heritability, Era 

Geotechnical Properties of Landmark University Lateritic Soil Stabilized with Cassava Peel Ash

¹Gana A.J; ²Adewara Sunday O.; ³Aremu Charity. O & ¹Oluwatomisin A.G

¹Department of Civil Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State

²Department of Economics, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State

³Department of Agriculture, Landmark University Omu-Aran, Kwara State

Email: phildebo123@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This research work investigated the geotechnical properties of lateritic soil stabilized with cassava peel ash. The natural soil sample was gotten from Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria, and were subjected to preliminary soil tests such as natural moisture content, specific gravity and atterberg limit at its natural state. Engineering tests such a direct shear test, permeability and unconfined  compressive strength tests were also carried out on the lateristic soil at their natural states  and at when the cassava peel ash were added to the soil at varying proportions of 0,2,4,6,8 and 10% by weight of soil. The result of the strength tests showed that cassava peel ash enhanced the strength of the interitic soil. The unconfined compressive strength improved from 16.7kN/m² at natural state to 298.7 kN/m² at 10% cassava peel ash. The cohesion values also increased from 63 kN/m²  at natural state to 115 kN/m²  at 8% cassava peel ash. The coefficient of permeability values of the modified soil indicates its potential as an embankment fill material with good drainage capacity. The microstructural images of the natural soil and stabilized soil also gave an indication to the effect of cassava peel ash on the soil fabric. Cassava peel ash has a promising potential for stabilizing and improving the properties of lateritic soil.

Keywords: Geotechnical properties, Landmark University Lateritic Soil, Cassava Peel Ash

Prevalence of Amblyopia among Primary School Children in Enugu, Nigeria

Osuji Samuel Chibueze*; Ejidike G. Ebele; Oduntan Olalekan Alabi; Onyekwere Francis; Nwokedi Apollos Rapuluchukwu

Department of Optometry, Faculty of Health Sciences

Madonna University Nigeria, Elele, Rivers State     

Email: drsamsuji@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Amblyopia causes impairment of visual acuity, depth perception, and contrast sensitivity and this leads to loss of binocular single vision. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of amblyopia among primary school pupils in Enugu East Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 500 primary school pupils who were examined. Data was obtained using ocular examinations which included visual acuity and pin hole visual acuity testing, cover test. Subjective refraction and fundoscopy were also performed. Amblyopia was defined as best corrected visual acuity<6/9 in one eye or both eyes without ocular pathology in either eye. Data obtained was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 and was tested using the Chi-square test with p-value set at 0.05 (p<0.05). A total of 500 pupils participated in the study, out of which 248 (49.6%) were males and 252 (50.4%) females. The mean age of the participants was 8.95 +2.16 years and the age range was from 5-15 years with 307 (61.4%) pupils within the ages of 5 to 9 years and 193 (38.6%) pupils within the ages of 10 to 15 years. Amblyopia was detected in 21 (4.2%) of the screened pupils. Amblyopic subjects were significantly older than non-amblyopic children (P=0.002). The female pupils were more amblyopic than their male counterparts, although the gender variation was not statistically significant. Isometropic amblyopia (n=8, 38.1%) was the most common type of amblyopia (p=0.001). Bilateral amblyopia was observed in 61.9% of the amblyopic pupils. The prevalence of amblyopia in this study was high and therefore adequate public enlightenment about the causes, consequences and prevention of amblyopia should be advocated by eye care service providers and the government.

Keywords: Prevalence; Amblyopia; Children; Ocular Examination.

Emotional Intelligence and Work Overload as Predictors of Burnout among Health Workers in Makurdi Metropolis

Chinelo Helen Ogwuche; Joseph Ianna Nyam & Atabo Cyril Paul

Department of Psychology

Benue State University, Makurdi

Email: chineloogwuche@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This research investigated emotional intelligence and work overload as predictors of burnout among health workers in Makurdi metropolis. A cross-sectional survey design was used for the study and the researcher used 228 participants in the study 120 (52.6%) male and 108 (47.4%) were female. Simple and multiple regression analysis were used to test the three stated hypotheses and the result indicated that, there was no significant difference on the prediction of emotional intelligence on burnout, R = .122 and R² = .015, F (1, 226) = 3.402, p>.05. On the other hand, the result showed that, there was a significant difference on the prediction of work overload on burnout, R = .593 and R² = .352, F(1, 226) = 122.576, p<.05. The result further showed that, there was a significant difference on the joint prediction of emotional intelligence and work overload on burnout R = .612 and R2 = .375, F(2, 225) = 67.410, p<.05. The findings were discussed in line with other related works and it was recommended among others that, conscious efforts should be made to ensure the reduction of work overload on staff of health workers. This will enable them manage their lives well even in the work place and it will not lead them to burnout on their jobs.

Key Words: Emotional intelligence, work overload, burnout, health workers.