Category Archives: 2018 Journals

  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

DETERMINATION OF QUALITY DETERIORATION OF HYPENTENSIVE DRUG USING PHYSICAL PARAMETERS

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Okon P. Akpan, Udeme U. Inyang, Akpan, E. Friday & Blessing I. Etim

 Department of Science Technology

Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic Ikot Osurua, Ikot Ekpene

Email: apostleop5family@yahoo.com

Corresponding authors: Okon P. Akpan

ABSTRACT

The electrical conductivity and pH of expired and non-expired hypertensive drugs were investigated. Two samples each of the expired and non-expired drugs were examined using conductivity meter (Kalinipkan) and pH meter (Corning 425). Out of the two samples measured, the non-expired Exforge HCT was observed to have the highest conductivity value of 620.00 µS/cm and expired Twynsta with the lowest conductivity value of 410.00 µS/cm. The high conductivity drug shows its measure of ionic concentration and activity. Also, the expired Exforge HCT had the highest pH of 7.25 and non-expired Twynsta had the lowest pH of 7.10. The measured pH value are not too far from the pH of a normal human biological system which lies in the range of 7.30 – 7.45. The result of this work shows that the pH values of the expired drugs are higher than those of the non-expired drugs. Similarly, the conductivity value of the non-expired drugs are higher than those of expired drugs; hence the conductivity and pH parameters can be used to characterized and monitor the quality of hypertensive drugs with the view of detecting quality deterioration and adulteration of the drugs.

Keywords: Electrical conductivity, pH, expired drugs, non- expired drugs.

full article in pdfDownload

  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

GAVI-ALLIANCE ACTIVITIES AND CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS’ ROLES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Umar Ibrahim1, & Umar Farouk Ismail2

1Health and Human Services Secretariat, Federal Capital Territory Administration, FCDA Secretariat, 11 Kapital Road, Garki Area 11, Abuja-FCT

2 World Health Organizations, Regional Office Jalingo, Taraba State

Email: umarsap@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations (GAVI Alliance) in partnership with Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) saved several millions lives through immunization services, in line with Sustainable Development Goals number 3 (SDG 3) stipulations. Indeed, most of SDG 3 targets are vaccines and partnership dependent. As such, the article assessed the contributions of GAVI-Alliance in partnerships with CSOs by exploring GAVI Alliance activities, CSOs roles, challenges encountered and areas in need of further research on immunization in developing countries; utilizing desk top survey review approach for the narrative. GAVI Alliance had successfully support immunizations of over 500 million children, preventing around 7 million deaths. However, insecurity and inadequate financing among other challenges are identified as obstacles to successful implementation of immunization projects. Therefore, partnership among governance sectors, as demonstrated by GAVI Alliance is a sure means of meeting SDG 3 targets by 2030.

Keywords: GAVI-Alliance, CSOs, SDG 3, Vaccines, Partnership

full article in pdfDownload

  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS AND MANAGEMENT OF CHILDBIRTH RELATED RISKS IN ODIO COMMUNITY, EKET LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Itimitang Wilson Etukudo

Department of Sociology/Anthropology

University of Uyo

Email: dritimitang@yahoo.com,itimitang8@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study explores the understanding of childbirth related risks and their management among traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in six villages in Odio community of Eket Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. A total of 30 TBAs were selected through the use of simple random sampling from the six villages. An in-depth interview technique was used in collecting information from the respondents. Findings from the study underscore that, quite contrary to popular views, TBAs are not unaware of the risks in obstetric care, and they rely on various strategies to negotiate the risks they face when providing maternity care. The TBAs could be a big asset in decreasing high rate of obstetric complications in the developing countries. To be effective they need to be trained in timely recognition and referrals of mothers at risk, cleanliness and be respected by doctors and nurses.

Keywords: Traditional Birth Attendants, obstetric risk, risk management, rural Nigeria. 

full article in pdfDownload

  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

BODY MASS INDEX AND FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOL CHILDREN IN ILISHAN-REMO, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Ani Ime F., Adeoye  Bolade K., Ajuzie Nnenna C.; Ngozi E. O. Oyekan J.           

 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics

Ben Carson Senior School of Medicine and Surgery

Babcock University, Ilishan- Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

Corresponding author:  Ani, Ime Franklin,

Email: anii@babcock.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

A total of 240 school children aged 7-12 years were used for this study. 120 were from public school and 120 were from private school. Structured questionnaire was administered to obtain information on children’s demographic data, family characteristics and consumption pattern. The height and weight of the children were measured using approved methods. BMI was calculated and WHO reference for height-for-age and BMI-for age were used to classify the children. Differential statistics were used to analyze the data. . Frequent consumption of cereal group was higher than other food group in both public school (70%) and (50%) private school. It was found that 8.3% of children in the public school do not consume milk at all and low consumption of fruits and vegetables are common among school children. Effects of family characteristics on BMI were also determined through linear regression analysis. Result obtained showed that stunting was prevalent in both schools as 45.8% had normal height in the public school and 50% had normal height in the private school. Overweight was more prevalent in the private school (50%) than in the public school (16%). However there was a high prevalence of underweight and thinness among the children from public (20.8% and 16.6%) school compared to private (16.7% and 8.3%). Combine contribution of family type, family size and parents occupation had a significant effect on the body mass index (BMI) of the children from both private and public schools (p<0.05). There is need for nutrition intervention in Ilishan -Remo   

Keywords: Body Mass Index, Dietary pattern, private and public schools

full article in pdfDownload
  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

PRIMARY ORAL HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION AND REFERRAL FROM A PRIMARY ORAL HEALTH CARE FACILITY IN A RURAL NIGERIAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

1Amedari Mcking I*, 2Ogunbodede E. O., 3Adedigba M. A., 4Famro O. & 5Akinjiola O.

1,2,3,5Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, OAU, Ile-Ife, Osun State 

4Department of Dental Surgery, FMC, Keffi, Nasarawa State

Email: mckingamedari@yahoo.com

*Corresponding author

ABSTRACT

To highlight the gender differences in oral health care utilization and referral patterns while taking into account the burden of oral diseases in an adult population as observed in a primary oral health care centre. The study was an observational retrospective study. Study participants were selected using a purposive sample of consecutive patients visiting the dental clinic from July 2004 to June 2017. Data collected from the patient records included the patient’s demographics (age, sex, and occupation), diagnosis, treatment given, referral and reason(s) for referral. Patients younger than 18 years of age were excluded from the study. The data were analysed using the SPSS version 20.0. A chi-squared test was performed to compare the differences between male and female utilization of the dental clinic. The significance level was set at P<0.05. The records of 1,168 patients were retrieved for the study. There was a slight preponderance of males (51%). The mean age distribution in years was 44.2 (S.D. ±18.25). Nineteen percent of the patients had visited the dental clinic more than once. Although more males visited the clinic more than once, there was no statistically significant difference in the dental service utilization between both genders (p>0.05). Nearly half (47.9%) of the patients required oral urgent treatment, while 19.3% of the patients were referred for specialized treatments. The role of the Primary Oral Health Care Centres (POHC) in providing oral urgent treatment was considerable. Nevertheless, there was a need to have an efficient and effective system of referral between the POHC Centre and Tertiary Hospital for the holistic management of patients. There was no significant gender difference in the dental service utilization.

full article in pdfDownload

  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

MICRO FINANCE AND SMALL BUSINESSES IN NIGERIA: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research 2018

Bhola Khan

Department of Economics

Yobe State University, Damaturu

Email: bholakhan.apj@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Microfinance bank is charged with responsibilities of empowering Small-Scale Businesses (SSBs) in grassroots as its greater challenges; among which at present is how the Microfinance Institutions (MFI) can reach a greater number of small-scale business entrepreneurs. The aim of this study to make a descriptive analysis of micro finance and its impact on Small-Scale Businesses in Damaturu. The study is based on primary data which has been collected from Damaturu Metropolis Area. The sample size of the study is 50. During the analysis of the data, 25% of the respondents’ rated sales volume as low before accessing microfinance loan, while only 10% rated it as poor after accessing microfinance loan. The result also shows that the only 15% agreed that their sales volume was high before accessing, while 42.5% and 30% rated sales volume to average and high respectively. The study also revealed that the rate of returns on investment as poor by 15%, as average by 30% as low by 50% and high by 5%, while the rating changed after accessing Microfinance loan by 32.5% rating it to high as against 5%before and 10% as poor against 15%.

Keywords: Microfinance, Small-Scale Businesses, Multiplier, Gross Domestic Product.

full article in pdfDownload
  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

BRAND ASSOCIATION AND CONSUMER PATRONAGE OF MALT DRINKS IN ANAMBRA STATE OF NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research 2018

1Anetoh, John Chidume & 2Moguluwa, Shedrack Chinweuba

1Department of Marketing, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State

2Department of Marketing, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria         

E-mail: anetohjohn@yahoo.com, shedrack.moguluwa@unn.edu.ng

Corresponding author: Anetoh, John Chidume

ABSTRACT                                                                            

This study investigated the influence of brand association functions on consumer patronage of selected malt drinks in Anambra State of Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to: determine the influence of status function on consumer patronage of selected malt drinks in Anambra State of Nigeria; evaluate the influence of guarantee function on consumer patronage; investigate the influence of personal identification function on consumer patronage; ascertain the influence of social identification function on consumer patronage; assess the extent status, guarantee, personal and social identification functions jointly predict consumer patronage of malt drinks; determine the influence of interaction of stand-alone variables (status, guarantee, personal and social identification functions) on consumer patronage of malt drinks. The undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka and Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli formed the unit of analysis. The study utilized 357 usable copies of the questionnaire for analysis. Cross-sectional survey method was used while the data source for analysis was primary. Data generated were analyzed while the formulated hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis. The result revealed that the status and guarantee functions as well as the interaction of stand-alone variables have strong positive significant influences on consumer patronage of malt drinks in Anambra State of Nigeria while personal identification and social identification functions of brand association have less significant influence on consumer patronage of malt drinks in Anambra State of Nigeria. The result also revealed that status, guarantee, personal and social identification functions are jointly significant contributors to prediction of consumer patronage of malt drinks. The major finding is that the guarantee and status functions of brand association as well as the overall result of interaction of stand-alone variables have significantly and positively influenced consumer patronage of malt drinks in Anambra State of Nigeria. It was also discovered that among all the brand association functions, guarantee and status functions are major determinants of consumer patronage while others seem to have played minor role in terms of influencing consumer patronage. Based on the findings, the study recommends the formulation and operationalization of consumer-oriented strategies geared toward improving on personal and social identification functions of brand association for enhanced and sustainable consumer satisfaction & patronage toward the purchase and consumption of malt drinks in Anambra State of Nigeria and beyond.

Key words:Brand Association Functions, Consumers’ Patronage, Malt Drinks, Nigeria.

full article in pdfDownload
  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

FIRM SIZE, BOOK-TO-MARKET EQUITY AND THE STOCK RETURNS: ANALYSIS OF NIGERIAN STOCK MARKET

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research 2018

1Agbam, Azubuike Samuel,  1Anyamaobi, Chukwuemeka & 2Udo, Ephraim Okon

1Department of Banking and Finance

1Department of Mathematics/Statistics and Computer Science

2Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Email: azubuikesamuelagbam@yahoo.com, ephraimokon@rocketmail

Corresponding author: Agbam, Azubuike Samuel

ABSTRACT

Although the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) has been one of the most useful and frequently used theories in determining the required rate of return of a security, the application of this model has been controversial since early 1960s. The CAPM was introduced by Jack Treynor, William Sharpe, John Lintner and Jan Mossin independently, building on the earlier work of Harry Markowitz on diversification and Modern Portfolio theory.  This study employs Fama and French (1993) multifactor model to investigate the significance of firm size and book-to-market ratio in explaining variations in returns of stocks listed on the Nigerian equity market using monthly stock data of 59 randomly selected Nigerian stocks from 2012 to 2015 collected from the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The empirical results of the classical Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis of the test of the multifactor model found that value effects are not priced but size effects are significantly priced. To the contrary, robust OLS confirms both size and value effects, suggesting that investors are rewarded for taking both size and value risk. Keyword:CAPM, firm size, book-to-market equity, stock market, Nigeria

full article in pdfDownload
  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

THE PLACE OF EFFECTIVE BOOKKEEPING AND ACCOUNTING PRACTICE IN SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM SOME SELECTED SMES IN ZAMFARA STATE

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research 2018

Bamidele Vincent Olawale1, Ayibiowu Stephen Idowu1, Onumoh Ahmed Yahaya2 & Attahiru Yahaya3

Department of Accounting Education1, 2 & Department of Economics Education3

Federal College of Education (Technical), Gusau

Email: vincentolawale83@gmail.com

Corresponding author: Bamidele Vincent Olawale

ABSTRACT

This study examined the impact of effective book keeping practice and accounting system in the operation of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria. Research hypotheses were formulated according to the objective of this study. 286 Small and medium business owners and 214 staff from five recognized local government areas in Zamfara state, North Western Nigeria were selected as our respondents via a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected via a well structured questionnaire. Best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) was used to analyze the data, hypotheses were tested using t-test and all the hypotheses were retained. The findings of this study revealed that book keeping and accounting plays a significant role in the success of small and medium scale enterprises. The study also affirms that standard accounting practices contribute immensely to the success of small and medium scale enterprises. The study recommends among others that Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN) should provide an atmosphere that will facilitate good adoption of effective bookkeeping and accounting practice in small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria.

Keywords: Accounting Practice, Bookkeeping, Medium Scale, Small Scale

full article in pdfDownload
  • September 8, 2019
  • 0

DISSECTING THE LABYRINTH OF GLOCALIZATION AND GOVERNMENT PREPAREDNESS: A GLANCE AT THE PROPOSED CAR ASSEMBLY PLANT AT ITU, AKWA IBOM STATE

Category : International Journal of Management Studies, Business and Entrepreneurship Research 2018

Michael Effiom & Inemesit Ebito

Department of Business Management

University of Uyo, PMB 1017 Uyo, Akwa Ibom State

Email: mikefiom.power@yahoo.com

Corresponding author: Michael Effiom

ABSTRACT

The research plunged into dissecting the labyrinth of glocalization and government preparedness; a glance at the proposed automobile assembly plant at Itu LGA, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria as the study area is viewed as an investment destination hopeful. The study reviewed a collection of library and other academic works as its main sources of resources. It was gleaned from the study that there were few infrastructural gaps that require immediate attention of government, such as weak communication systems and insufficiency in transportation systems that support heavy international partnership with the state. The study also revealed that without these infrastructural and other economic and policy issues being addressed, it would further exacerbate the existing number of moribund industries available. However, it was recommend that the national and states house of assembly should be keen to making decisions that would encourage sustainability of investments. Similarly, it was recommended that multiple taxation system in Nigeria should be generally discouraged, while government should rather invest more in the areas of security and electricity generation to ensure a commensurate return on investment (ROI) and sustainability of investments.

Keywords: Globalization, glocalization, government   preparedness, and investment.

full article in pdfDownload

« Previous Page — Next Page »

2019 Journals

2018 Journals

Pages

|Centre for Advanced Research & Development