Category Archives: International Journal of Social Sciences and Conflict Management 2017

CONTENTS

Diagnosises and Treatments of Diseases in the Old Testament: A Panacea for the 21^st Century Christians to Emulate to Enhance Healthy Development

Ishaya   Mallo, Makpu……………………………………………………………………………………..1

Strengthening Local Peace Building Infrastructure: A Gendered Perspective

Naomi Onyeje Doki…………………………………………………………..……..14

Development of Megacities in Emerging Economies: Challenges and Prospects

Olubodun, M. E. & Adebayo, F. T………………………………………………………………….29

Assessment of Modern Family Planning Infrastructures and Services Accessibility and Availability in Rural Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Itimitang Wilson Etukudo………………………………………………………….47

Roles of Government and Private Sectors on Football Organisations in Sokoto State, Nigeria

Abdulrahman Bello Bada & Ahmed Abubakar Magaji…………………..……63

Impact of Commercial Motorcycle Transport in Raising Income: Evidence from Jigawa State, Nigeria

Gambo Babandi Gumel, Ibrahim Muhammad Adam & Itari Abdul-Razaq Rilwan…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….76

Cultural Awareness and Religious Tolerance a Vital Tool for Sustainable Development

Sarkin Fada, Halima; Amali I. O. O.; Okafor, I. P. & Manir  Hussaini….……95

Trend in the Nigerian Quantity Surveying Consulting Practices

Solomon Michael Ojo………………………………………………………….….108

Challenges and Prospects of Active Ageing in Nigeria

Bai-Tachia, Margaret & Anchovur, Timothy Tyowase……………………….120

Boko Haram and the Conspiracy Theory in Nigeria

Linus Ugwu Odo…………………………………………………………………….133

Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Public Primary Schools in Kirfi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Adam Modu Abbas; Abubakar A. Jajere & Yam, Abdullahi…………………148

Comparative Analysis of the Incidence of Corruption or Fraud in the Cities of Yaoundé and Douala in Cameroon and Perspectives

Francis A. Fuaneya………………………………………………………………….174

The Impact of Delayed Emoluments on Local Government Administration in Nigeria: Outlining the Crisis and Solutions

Eseosa E. Aimuan & Joseph Unufe…………..…………………………………..190

Contemporaneity War Artefacts of Fulani Herdsmen: Mapping Behavioural Footprints, Weapons used and Communities Vulnerable to Attacks in Nigeria

Abraham Abdul Jatto……………………………………………………………….203

Factors Affecting Efficient Processing of Cassava by Micro-Scale Cassava Processing Enterprises in Southwest Nigeria

Omonigho T. Okhankhuele; Zacheus O. Opafunso; O. O. Akinrinola & O. J. Ojo…………………………………………………………………………………….247

Leadership and Followership – The Bane of Underdevelopment in the 21^st Century Nigeria

K. U. Omoyibo & Ajayi, Olatunde O……………………………………………..266

Diagnoses and Treatments of Diseases in the Old Testament: A Panacea for the 21st Century Christians to Emulate to Enhance Healthy Development

Ishaya   Mallo, Makpu

Department of Religious Studies,

Nasarawa State University, Keffi

Email: makpuishayamakpu@ gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The research examines the causes, diagnoses and treatment of diseases in the Old Testament Israel. In the pre-scientific societies, diseases which are changes in living bodies of animals or plants that interferes with normal functions were believed to be caused by God and complex interactions between gods, malevolent spirits, witchcraft, offended ancestors, natural phenomenon and poor hygiene. The act of diagnosing in the Old Testament was left in hands of priests and prophets who in turn determine whether or not a person should be quarantined from the community and administered purification rites for the malady. Also there were some illegitimate health care that due to difficulties in obtaining services at the only legitimate temple of God.  However, Yahweh was considered the sole healer and prayers to him was probably the most lawful option:  petition, therapeutic (that is the use of herbs, mandrakes, figs, balm of Gilead), and thanksgiving. However, those who felt marginalised sort health care from physicians of non-Yahwistic shrines, through a variety of sorcerers.  A move condemned by all standards, as being in variance to absolute dependence on God and the use of natural herbs as prescribed in the cult.  

Keywords: Diagnosis, Treatment, Diseases, Emulate, Healthy Development.

Strengthening Local Peace Building Infrastructure: A Gendered Perspective

Naomi Onyeje Doki

Department of Economics

Benue State University, Makurdi

ABSTRACT

In the light of the current reality that every part of the world is experiencing some form of conflict and the fact that the effects of these conflicts are very destructive and retrogressive for economies, it is imperative to examine the structures for peace building. Because differences will always exist in the patterns of living and being for human beings, a culture of tolerance and allowing for other people’s differences needs to be imbibed. The paper also examines a rationale for taking a gendered approach to peace building and discusses the roles that women can play at all stages of conflict in contributing to the peace building process. There is evidence that the taken a gendered approach will support the overall process. However, the local structures as they are not sufficient. The paper recommends that government will have to invest in peace building to sustain societies in the long run but while waiting for government, every woman can play a significant role in steering thought patterns of those within her circle of influence towards peace.

Development of Megacities in Emerging Economies: Challenges and Prospects

Olubodun, M. E. & Adebayo, F. T.

Department of Architectural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun State

Department of Architectural technology, Ogun State Institute of Tech., Igbesa, Ogun State

Corresponding Author: Adebayo, F. T.

ABSTRACT

Megacities have particular significance in the world-wide process of urbanisation. By the year 2015, more than 600 million people will be living in over 60 megacities worldwide. According to the United Nations, the term megacity refers to a continuous urbanised area with population of at least 10 million people. In the emerging economies of the world, specifically Africa, emergence of megacities can be adjudged to be a plus from the economic point of view but it carries along with it, some problems that need to be addressed vis a vis their solutions. At the same time, there are enormous prospects for megacities in this category which need to be fished out and discussed. More often than not, megacities are perceived to be burdened by disadvantages, origins and engines of multiple problems as well as agents and victims of risks. Such a view however neglects the potentials; benefits, chances and various advantages of mega-urban developments. The fact remains that rich megacities profit as production centres’ in the global market from the earnings of the international division of labour and involvement in global socio-economic and political networks. However, poor megacities are the absorbing pools for the rural migration with large percentages of the population living below the poverty line. Here, the production and service levels of a wide range of informal activities persist at regional and national scales. This paper therefore aims to look at the challenges and prospects of megacities in emerging economies.

Keywords: megacities, environment, urbanisation, challenges, opportunities

Assessment of Modern Family Planning Infrastructures and Services Accessibility and Availability in Rural Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Itimitang Wilson Etukudo

Department of Sociology and Anthropology

University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Email: dritimitang@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This Cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the state of family planning infrastructures and services in rural areas of Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria, people cannot practice contraception when the infrastructures and services are not accessible and available. Non-use of contraceptive was directly related to high fertility level and rapid population growth. The primary data for this study was obtained from 516 women (age 15 to 49) selected through systematic random sampling techniques. The Data collected was analyzed in terms of descriptive statistics to present the background characteristics of the respondents, infrastructures and services factors. The primary findings show that family planning infrastructures and services are limited in the study area because service facilities are not accessible and available; and because of paucity of trained service providers and their negative attitudes toward their work and clients. Finally, based on the key findings of the study, some plausible recommendations were made.

Keywords: Assessment, accessibility, availability, Rural, Modern Family Planning, Akwa Ibom, Nigeria

Roles of Government and Private Sectors on Football Organisations in Sokoto State, Nigeria

Abdulrahman Bello Bada & Ahmed Abubakar Magaji

Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences,

Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B 2346, Sokoto Nigeria

Email: bada4sociology@gmail.com

Corresponding Author: Abdulrahman Bello Bada

ABSTRACT

This article provides insight on the roles of government and private sectors in the growth, development and sustainment of football organisations in Sokoto State, Nigeria. The independence of football organisations cannot be achieved without the influence of departments/bodies who work hard to sustain it. Therefore, this paper provides explanation on the need for both government and private sectors to join hands in ensuring self-determination of football organisations due to its positive impact in Sokoto State. Football organisations are imperative to the growth, development and sustainability of soccer in the world. These organisations play a major role in introducing competitions at different levels. Hence, both government and private sectors should join hands together in order to promote developments such as stadium, dressing room, gym, training centre and referees training. This will also create job opportunity to the teeming unemployed youth, creating and promoting economic opportunity to the Nigerian youths. The growth of football organisation will gives people a feeling of unity, joy, hope, solidarity, passion, social connection and love.

Keywords: sociological perspective on football, government sector, private sectors, system theory

Impact of Commercial Motorcycle Transport in Raising Income: Evidence from Jigawa State, Nigeria

Gambo Babandi Gumel, Ibrahim Muhammad Adam & Itari Abdul-Razaq Rilwan

Department of Economics and Development Studies

Federal University, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Corresponding Author: Gambo Babandi Gumel

ABSTRACT

The paper examines how commercial motorcycle business generates income for many of the unemployed people in Jigawa state and the North-Western region of Nigeria. The study employed primary data generated from a survey of 300 randomly selected motorcycle riders in three local government areas in Nigeria. Eviews9.0 & SPSS 20 software aided data analyses were used for descriptive analyses and in addition, an econometric model was specified and estimated using the OLS techniques. A majority of the operators (40.3%) generate average income of between N901 – N1, 200 and the multiple regression result reveal that years of experience, daily savings and daily fuel purchase are the major determinants of income generation model, although the model does not have a good fit given the very low value of R² (0.31), but, overall, the model is highly statistically significant according to the F-test which is rejected at 1% level of significant. The model is very satisfactory as it passed two out of the three econometric tests conducted. The paper however, recommended government to formalize and regulate the activities of commercial motorcycle operators in order to strengthen the business. In this way, transport service delivery to the people will be enhanced; earnings of the Okada riders will equally be improved to maximize their welfare.

Keywords: Commercial Motorcycle, Transportation, Income

Cultural Awareness and Religious Tolerance a Vital Tool for Sustainable Development

Sarkin Fada, Halima; Amali I. O. O.; Okafor, I. P. & Manir  Hussaini

Department of Educational Foundations, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto

Department of Social Sciences Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria

College of Agriculture, Zuru, Kebbi State

Email: halifada@yahoo.com, manirhussaini576@gmail.com

Corresponding Author: Sarkin Fada, Halima

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the level of cultural awareness and religion tolerance among the undergraduates in university of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria. It also examined the influence of sex, religion and ethnic group on cultural awareness and religion tolerance level of university undergraduates. This study adopted a survey design. The population for the study comprised the total undergraduate students in university of Ilorin. The sample size for the study is 335 undergraduates selected randomly from eight randomly selected faculties. Two instruments were adapted to collect data for the study. They were Multicultural Awareness Scale developed by Awang-Shuib, et al. (2012) and Tolerance for Disagreement Scale (TFD) developed by Teven, Richmond and McCroskey (1998). The two instruments were pilot-tested before their use and the reliability coefficient for MAS was 0.75 after deleting two items out of the original 12 items while TFD yielded a reliability coefficient of .675 after deleting three items from the original 15 items. The result showed that 148(44.2%) of the undergraduates had low level of cultural awareness, 151(45.1%) of them had moderate level while 36(10.7%) of the undergraduates had high level of cultural awareness. It also showed that 122(36.4%) of the undergraduates had low level of religion tolerance, 168(50.1%) with moderate level while 45(13.4%) of the undergraduates had high level of religion tolerance. The result further showed that variables such as sex, religion and ethnic group were not significant influence on level of awareness and religion tolerance of the undergraduates at 0.05 probability level. The study concludes that more can still be done on creating cultural awareness as well as the need to learn how to tolerate religious beliefs of one another for a peaceful co-existence and for the achievement of sustainable development in Nigeria.

Keywords:  Cultural awareness, religious tolerances and undergraduates students

Trend in the Nigerian Quantity Surveying Consulting Practices

Solomon Michael Ojo

Department of Quantity Surveying

Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

Email: goodsolex1@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper examines trends in the Nigerian Quantity Surveying Consulting Practices (NQSCP). The survey elicits the view of top management staff in Quantity Surveying Consulting Firms (QSCFs) on traditional and non-traditional building services, non-building services and software application. The intent of the survey was to ascertain the frequency of involvement of (QSCFs) in traditional and non-traditional building services, non-building services and to determine level of software usage in rendering consultancy services. The paper investigates the organizational set-up of (NQSCP) in terms of categories of professional membership and number of year in the industry. Relevant data were obtained through questionnaire.  Only 45 out of 60 administered questionnaires were filled and returned. Analysis of the responses from these firms indicates that; 42% of the Consulting firms have been practicing for an average of 18years. The survey further discloses that, 93% of these firms have at most 5 employees as Members of Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyors. Among the 45 firms, only 20(44%) registered with (QSRBN). Among the employee Qs, 106 out of 148 in the firms are members of Nigeria Institute of Quantity Surveyors (MNIQS). This implies that, most of the Qs in the consulting firms considered are in this category. Most of these firms engage in traditional building services compared to non-traditional and non-building building services. The rate of use of computer aided software among these firms is still low. All the firms alluded to the use of email and spread sheets but master bill maker, workmate 5.0 bill maker and Qs Cad ranked low. The study concluded that Qs Consulting firms need to develop in the area of non-building services delivery and improve on the use computer aided software applications in order to improve in their service delivery by turning to indigenous computer engineers keywords: Trends, Quantity Surveying Profession, Consulting Practice, Software, Nigeria

Challenges and Prospects of Active Ageing in Nigeria

Bai-Tachia, Margaret & Anchovur, Timothy Tyowase

Department of Sociology

Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Email: megbai2014@gmail.com; anchovurtyowase@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Active ageing is a long-life process of optimizing opportunities for improving and preserving health, ensuring full participation and guaranteeing security so as to enhance quality of life as people age in a society. Growing old in a transitional society like Nigeria can be graceful and a blessing too but this has its accompanying challenges as well. Ageing is a global phenomenon that cut across cultures and gender. As such there is need to cater for the health of the people as they age in orders to keep them healthy and active thereby contributing to national development. Doing so in Nigeria will enable them to realize their potentials for physical, social, and mental well-being throughout their life course and to participate in the country’s activities based on their needs and ability. The import of this paper, therefore, is the examination of the challenges and prospects of active ageing in Nigeria. One of the challenges facing Nigerians is poor healthcare delivery in the country which is affecting active ageing. The paper recommends, inter alia, that a workable good healthcare policy be initiated and fully implemented to address the challenges of active ageing in Nigeria.

Keywords: Active, Ageing, Challenges, Determinants, Healthcare, Healthy, Prospects Nigeria