Blog - Page 53 of 145 - Centre for Advanced Research & Development

November 1, 2019
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Evaluating the Features of Buildability and Maintainability of Architectural Designs in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research

Yohana D. Izam, Ajalah M. Yahaya, Ndame E. Chuku, Grace P. Wang, Paul W. Zakka, Johnson Binbol

Department of Building

University of Jos, Jos

Email: ajalahyahaya@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The construction industry is faced with challenges from design, construction and maintenance of a facility. The study investigates the characteristics of buildability and maintainability analysis of architectural designs with a view of promoting effective project delivery and maintenance. Relative Importance Index (RII) and ranking method were used to determine the most important factors or features of buildability and maintainability that improves and promotes efficient project delivery. The study reveal that the five (5) top buildability and maintainability factors are as follows: personnel skill, handling, details, dimensional/modular coordination and conversion. The study also identified lack of awareness of clients, unskilled professionals using foreign technology and adopting such technological advancement on current designs, lack of good law/enforcement on building practice in Nigeria, problem of monitoring and supervision by relevant government agency, compromising of building standards and the use of inferior materials in construction as some of the factors affecting the implementation of buildability and maintainability analysis in architectural designs. The study concludes that most approved building project designs in Jos metropolis contain one or more buildability and maintainability problems, thus, the research recommends an enlightenment campaign for key project stakeholders with respects to the adoption of buildability and maintainability principles and practices so as to take advantage of its benefits in improving project delivery.

Keywords: Architectural designs, Buildability, Construction, Maintainbility, Project Delivery

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November 1, 2019
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Analysis of Delay Factors at the Pre-Contract Phase of Public Private Partnership Project in Abuja, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research

*Elvis Chuku Ndame and Audu Ibrahim Isa Dakas

Department of Building, Faculty of Environmental Sciences

University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

Email: elvislondonn@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Public Private Partnership has been used for infrastructural development globally and time delays occur in all phases of PPP project implementation. Previous studies focused on causes of delays in the construction phase and the planning and design phases of non PPP projects. This study analysed delay factors at the pre-contract process of PPP projects in Nigeria. Questionnaire and interviews were used to solicit the perception of the public party respondents and private party respondents on the severity of the identified factors. The data was analysed using descriptive and non-parametric statistics to determine the severity of each factor on a 5 point Likert scale. The result shows that the first three (3) most severe public party factors responsible in causing delays are “pursuit of personal interest by top-level management team over public interest”, “lack of strategic planning”, and “incessant changes in public party requirement during bidding” while the private party factors are “lack of transparency in communication during the pre-contract process”, “inadequate scheduling of the project by the private party”, and “high level of tolls proposed by private party”. The finding is good justification for many public party procurers who usually ignore the interest of the general public by putting their self-interests first, and change their requirements during bidding that really delay the pre-contract process. Public sector clients should sanitize the top management team to ensure that adequate team coordination amongst the management are met. Proper communication channels by the private sector should be adequately adhered to and the private stakeholders should be more transparent in communicating amongst the team during the whole pre-contract stages of PPP.

Keywords: Public private Partnership, Pre-contract process, Delays, Projects

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November 1, 2019
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The Effect of Seasonal Variation on the Concentrations of Gaseous and Particulate Matter at Marksino Quarry and its Environs in Akamkpa L.G.A of Cross River State

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research

Asira, Enim Enim & Adalikwu, Stephen Adie

School of Sciences

Cross River State College of Education, Akamkpa

Email: enimas1965@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out determine the effect of seasonal variation on the concentratios of gaseous and particulate matter at Marksino quarry and it environs in Awi community in Akamkpa local government area of Cross River State. Ambient air samples were collected from the drilling/blasting and crushing areas the quarry and its environs (Cross River State college of Education gate and Mbarakom junction). All active sampler were used for all parameters except ground level ozone that idiometric method was used. Sampling involved used of pumps to pull air through the filter. Average time for sampling for samples was twenty four hours per week and sixty hours per week for idiometric method. Statistically tools used for analysis were mean, standard deviation, analysis of variance, and correlation coefficient. Results obtained revealed that CO (5.50 ±0.90ppm) SPM (0.950±0.04ppm) recorded significantly (p≤0.05) higher concentrations than other pollutants at both dry and rainy seasons. However, significantly(p≤0.05) higher concentrations of CO₂(2.51±0.80ppm), CO(5.50±0.90ppm), NO₂(0.150±0.02ppm) ,PM_1.0(0.295±0.03ppm), PM_2.5(0.170±0.01ppm), PM₁₀(0.650±0.00ppm), and SPM(0.950±0.04ppm) were recorded during dry season than rainy season, CO₂(1.50±0.05ppm), CO(3.50±0.30ppm), NO₂(0.08±0.00ppm), PM_1.0() ,PM_2.5(0.1305±0.05ppm),and SPM(0.580±0.04ppm). The concentrations of all the pollutants were found to be significantly(p≤0.05) higher than WHO recommended permissible limits except ozone(O₃) and sulphur dioxide(SO₂), hence the areas in the study are highly polluted by gaseous and particulate matter.

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November 1, 2019
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The Implications of Environmental Abuse on Health and Socio – Economic wellbeing in Developing Countries: A focus on Pollution and Deforestation

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research 2019

¹Abanyam, Noah Lumun; ²Samaila Buba& ²Hamadu, Jennifer Hunleyedi

¹Department of Sociology, Taraba State University, Jalingo. Taraba State, Nigeria

²Department of Geography, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State Nigeria

Email: noahlumun@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The earth produces clean air, nourishing food, fresh water and vegetation. However, environmental abuse of these natural processes is increasingly causing serious health risk and socio-economic challenges. This study examines the implications of environmental abuse on health and socio-economic wellbeing in developing countries focusing on pollution and deforestation. Tragedy of the common theory was used in analyzing the study. The study found that environmental abuse causes climate change which continue to increase threats to human health, impacts on thermal stress, death, injury, floods, and storm and indirectly through change in the ranges of disease vectors such as mosquitoes, water-borne pathogens, biodiversity deflection, erosion, water quality, air quality, and food availability and quality. The story also revealed that environmental abuse such as deforestation, wide spread hunting, air pollution and water pollution are the disastrous consequences or commonest effects associated with drought, desertification, frequent cases of floods, starvation as well as ill-health such as respiratory illness, heart disease, long cancer, cholera, typhoid fever, food contamination and highrate of warm infection. The study recommended that there should be a coordinate global approach aimed at cutting down greenhouse gas. More so, there should capacity building to integrate climate change and its impacts into development planning involving local communities, raising public awareness and education on the implications of environmental abuse on the health socio-economic wellbeing. The study concludes that scientific attention, effective implementation of law against environmental abuse, and excessive campaign against environmental abuse should be the corner stone in eradicating all forms of pollutions and deforestation in developing countries.

Keywords: Implications, Environmental Abuse, Health, Socio-economic wellbeing, Developing Countries, Pollution, Deforestation

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November 1, 2019
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Flood and Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria: A Focus on 2012 Flood Disaster

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research

Abanyam, Noah Lumun & Samaila Buba

Department of Sociology, Taraba State University, Jalingo. Taraba State, Nigeria

Department of Geography Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State Nigeria

Email: noahlumun@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Flood is one of the most disastrous environmental problems that severely affect human beings and other sectors of development on the planet. Diseases \and economic losses are a major developmental challenge for many least developed countries battling with flood. This study is an investigation of Flood and Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria. Functionalist theoretical perspectives was considered in analyzing the study. The study found that climate change, heavy rain fall, release of water from dams, poor planning, indiscriminate dumping of waste and lack of drainage system are factors that causes flooding in Nigeria. Flood is also found to affect other sectors of development in Nigeria and is associated with the loss of lives and properties as well as disastrous health implications. Flood affect agricultural supplies, exacerbating malnutrition problems leading to loss of production, food shortages and destruction of storage facilities. Flood causes damages to homes, schools, businesses, and transportation system and paralyzes socio-economic activities. It was recommended that drainage system should be constructed and regularly inspected and monitored to take note of any failure with a view of effecting repairs. Enlightenment campaigns should be step up by the government, National Orientation Agency and other related bodies with the view to put an end to the habit of dumping refuse in drainages. That government should dredge river channels to widen it up and give the channel the ability to contain excess water. The study concludes that all hands must be on deck, both the government, Non-Governmental Organization, Community Based Organizations, the Mass Media and the general public corroborate in order to control and prevent (averts) the catastrophic effects of flood on socio-economic development in Nigeria.

Key words: Flood, Socio-economic Development.

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November 1, 2019
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Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Differential Response of Three Carrot Genotypes to Different Levels of Organic and Inorganic Manure Applications in Derived Guinea Savanna Zone

Abolusoro S.A, S.A. Ige, C. Aremu, O.bello &A.A. Gbadamosi ……….…… 1

Influence of Parental Alcohol Consumption on Children’s Drinking Behaviour: A Psychoanalytic Assessment

Mgbenkemdi Ejike. H & Eze N. E ………………………………..………….. 11

Influence of African Cassava Mosaic Disease (ACMD) on the Proximate, Mineral and Anti-Nutrient Composition of the Stem Cuttings of Manihot esculenta CRANTZ

Uboh, D. G., SAM, S. M., Edet, E. A. & Bassey, I. N. ………………… 21

Assessment of Genetic Variation and Heritability of Seedling Emergence Traits, and Association with Grain Yield Characteristics of some Tropical Maize Varieties representing different Breeding Eras

Abolusoro Stephen, Sunday Ayodele Ige, Omolaran BelloAremu Charity …. 30

Geotechnical Properties of Landmark University Lateritic Soil Stabilized with Cassava Peel Ash

Gana A.J, Adewara Sunday O., Aremu Charity. O & Oluwatomisin A.G … 43

Prevalence of Amblyopia among Primary School Children in Enugu, Nigeria

Osuji Samuel Chibueze, Ejidike G. Ebele, Oduntan Olalekan Alabi, Onyekwere Francis & Nwokedi Apollos Rapuluchukwu …….………….…… 55

Emotional Intelligence and Work Overload as Predictors of Burnout among Health Workers in Makurdi Metropolis

Chinelo Helen Ogwuche; Joseph Ianna Nyam & Atabo Cyril Paul ………… 63

Availability and utilization of instructional materials in a North-west School of Nursing, Nigeria

Haddad M.M., Agaba L.O., Suberu A., Danjuma A., Patricia H.A., Idris A., Samuel G.A. & Murtala Musa ………………………………………………… 77

November 1, 2019
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Differential Response of Three Carrot Genotypes to Different Levels of Organic and Inorganic Manure Applications in Derived Guinea Savanna Zone

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Abolusoro S.A¹, S.A. Ige¹, C. Aremu¹, O.bello² andA.A. Gbadamosi³

¹Departmentof Crop and Soil Science, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria

²Department of Biological Science, ^Fountain University, Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria

³Teaching and Research Farm, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria

Email: ige.sunday@lmu.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Performance of Carrots varies with levels of fertilizer application. As a root crop, maintaining high root yield requires knowledge of the optimal fertilizer requirement especially when production soil type is characterized by gravels indicating low moisture retention ability. Minimizing the loading of galvanized soil with inorganic manure is crucial in enhancing soil moisture retention and growing healthy food crops with minimal chemical residue. This study was conducted at Landmark University during the period of 2015 and 2016 planting seasons to assess the differential response of three Carrot genotypes to different levels of Organic and Inorganic fertilizer application in Southern Savanna Zone. The experiments were conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data collected on leave number, fresh leave weight, plant height and fresh root weight were subjected to analysis of Variance. Different between means were partitioned using Duncan Multiple Range test at 5% probability level (p = 0.05). The study revealed that at application of 1t/ha of organic manure, the three carrot genotypes responded differently and significantly for fresh root yield. At all levels of both Organic and Inorganic manure applications, the three Carrot genotypes responded differentially for root yield either significant or non-significant at different levels of applicationmanure. This study identified that growing ALBAKA NOMA and ROHAMA NOMA carrot genotypes under the organic manure regime recorded highest root yields of 40.87t/ha, 41.48t/ha and 41.58t/ha respectively. These identified genotypes can be grown as organic carrots for health benefits in guinea savanna ecology.

Keywords: Carrot, genotypes, organic and inorganic manure, gravanized soil, levels of manure, response.

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November 1, 2019
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Influence of Parental Alcohol Consumption on Children’s Drinking Behaviour: A Psychoanalytic Assessment

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Mgbenkemdi Ejike. H¹ & Eze N. E²

Department of Psychology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology

Department of Health and Physical Education, Enugu State University of Science and Technology

iamejike@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT

The study investigated the influence of parental alcohol consumption on children’s drinking behavior. Using survey sampling technique, 120 undergraduate students from Faculty of Social Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT) in Agbani metropolis were drawn to participate in the study voluntarily. The Ewing (1982) cage questionnaire was designed to access alcoholism. The cage alcoholism questionnaire was adapted for Nigeria use by Abumiyi (1984) with reliability coefficient of 0.72, hence the instrument was considered valid and reliable. A survey design was used in this study, and chi-square (x²2×2) contingency table was used for data analysis. The result showed that there was no statistically significant influence of father’s alcohol consumption on children drinking behavior. The result equally indicated that there was no statistically significant influence of mother’s alcohol consumption on children drinking behaviour. These results may be as a result of the children of the alcohol addict or drunkard suffering from social stigma due to their parents’ psychomotor impairment. They may perceive their parents’ behaviour as a disgrace as such their integrity and personality reduced to nothing and would not like to be influenced by such attitudes, rather may decide to drink responsibly. The results were discussed in relation to relevant literatures. Keywords: Parents, Alcohol Consumption, Children, Drinking Behaviour

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November 1, 2019
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Influence of African Cassava Mosaic Disease (ACMD) on the Proximate, Mineral and Anti-Nutrient Composition of the Stem Cuttings of Manihot esculenta CRANTZ

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

¹Uboh, D. G., ²SAM, S. M., ³Edet, E. A. and, ⁴Bassey, I. N.

¹Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua, Nigeria

²Department of Biological Sciences, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Nigeria

³Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua, Nigeria

⁴Department of Botany and Ecological Studies, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

Email: ubohdg@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The utilization of the stem cuttings of most cassava varieties for agricultural and research purposes are sometimes limited due to disease attack and poor understanding of their nutritional and anti-nutritional status. In this research, test plants were sourced and propagated in a completely randomized design method. Five months post propagation (PP), infected and healthy stem cuttings (0 – 20cm) of M. esculenta were obtained and analyzed for elemental, proximate and anti-nutrient contents using standard protocols as described by Association of Official Analytical Chemist. The results of elemental composition revealed that ACMD caused significant reductions (P < 0.05) in most elements assayed. The mean values of 13.83 ± 0.31, 11.25 ± 0.20 and 27.30 ± 0.30 mg/100g were obtained for phosphorus, calcium and iron in infected sample against the values of 25.08 ± 0.41, 16.20 ± 1.11 and 31.63 ± 0.10 mg/100g for healthy sample. Besides lipid and ash amounts, other proximates analyzed were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the diseased than healthy sample. The ACMD-infected plant showed significant increases in all the anti-nutrient values studied when compared with the corresponding values obtained for the uninfected plant. ACMD can be controlled by the use of resistant varieties and adherence to best phytosanitational measures during and after propagation.

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November 1, 2019
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Assessment of Genetic Variation and Heritability of Seedling Emergence Traits, and Association with Grain Yield Characteristics of some Tropical Maize Varieties representing different Breeding Eras

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences

Abolusoro Stephen¹; Sunday Ayodele Ige¹, Omolaran Bello²Aremu Charity¹

¹Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Landmark University PMB 1001, Omu-Aran,

²Department of Agronomy, Federal University Gashua, Nigeria.

ABSTRACTS

Ten tropical maize varieties were evaluated at two location during the cropping season of 2007 and 2008 to assess the genetic variation and heritability of seedling emergence traits, and association with grain yield characteristics. Genotypic relative to phenotype variation were higher for all traits. Variety DMRLSR-Y had highest 300 kernel weight (105.2g), but least grain yield and second to the least emergence percentage, indicates bigger kernel and highest kernel weight /cob but low plant stands. Genotypic and agronomic correlation analysis revealed positive associations (p < 0.01) between grain yield and emergence percentage (E%) and 300 kernel weight, however, anthesis-silking interval was negatively correlated with physiological maturity period and 300 kernel weight. Improvement of this variety for higher emergence percentage is therefore predicted for higher grain yield. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation (GCV & PCV) were high for emergence percentage (41% and 45%) and grain yield (25% and 32%) respectively, suggesting that these characters are under the influence of genetic control. High heritability in broad sense coupled with maximum genetic advance recorded by emergence percentage (E%) and 300 kernel weight implying that phenotypic selection could identify superior genotypes for these traits.

Keywords: Genetic, Emergence, seedling, heritability, Era

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