• April 18, 2023
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Effect of Accidental Choice of Study Course on University Students’ Interest in their Courses and Career Objectives in Sokoto State University

Category : International Journal of Educational Research and Management Technology , volume 7, number 3, 2022

Hauwa Yaro Bodinga, Rilwanu Muazu Lamido & Saratu Yusuf
1Department of Educational Foundations
Sokoto State University
E-mail: hauwahyarob@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT


This paper is an assessment of effect of accidental choice of study course on university students’ interest in their courses and career objectives in Sokoto state university.Accidental choice of course of study implies to admitting students to study a course they did not applied for without any option. The study argued that, accidental choice of course of study on university students’ interest and career objectives. Objectives of the study include: to investigate the causes accidental choice of course of study, student’s interest in it, how it affects students’ academic performance, and how it
affects students’ career objectives. 200 university students admitted accidentally were used as sample of the study. Simple descriptive statistics was used analyzed the data collected. It was found that. Majority of the respondents were given courses of study accidentally on the ground of their low scores in JAMB examination or deficiency in JAMB examination scores or deficiency in SSCE and/or wrong combination of subjects for JAMB examination. Few among the respondents later developed interest in the accidental courses of study given to them. Majority of the
respondent agreed that, the accidental courses of study given to them did not affect their academic performance, likewise it did not affect their career objectives. It was recommended based on the findings that, JAMB should review their admission policy to minimized the level of given applicants courses of study accidentally because it affects some of the student’s career goals. At the same time, they should maintain their standard and reputation.

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  • April 17, 2023
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Structural Assesment of Concrete Produced with Broken Bottles as a Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research , Volume 7,number 3, 2022

Gana A.J, Braimoh S. O, Okwuole I. A. & Amodu M.F
Department of Civil engineering
Landmark University, Omuaran, Kwara State
Email: gana.abu@lmu.edu.ng, braimoh.solomon@lmu.edu.ng, amadu.matthew@lmu.edu.ng

ABSTRACT


In Nigeria, the rate at which waste is produced daily is very high, which leads to environmental pollution, global warming and high cost of disposal. The cost of disposal increases as the rate at which waste is produced increases, so researches derived a method of reducing the cost of disposal by reducing the amount of waste produced. Waste was used as a partial replacement in the production of concrete in civil engineering construction. In this study, industrial waste (waste glass) was used as partial replacements of coarse aggregate in the production of concrete. In this
study, broken bottles replaced coarse aggregate for 2%, 4%, 8% and 10%. 45 cubes and 45 cylinders were casted for 0%, 2%, 4%, 8% and 10% replacement of coarse aggregate with broken bottles. The grade used was m15 (1:2:4). Slump test and compaction test was done to determine the workability and consistency of the mix. Compressive strength test and split tensile strength test was carried out for 0%, 2%,4%, 8% and 10% to determine the strength of the cubes. The result from the analysis
showed that the 0% (control) had the highest compressive strength of 20.01
N/mm2 at 28 days for the casted cubes. The highest compressive strength gotten from partial replacement of aggregates with percentages of broken bottles was at 2% having a compressive strength of 18.47 N/mm2 at 28 days and the lowest compressive strength was at 10% having a value of 13.24 N/mm2 at 28days. Also, for the split tensile strength, the highest tensile strength gotten was at 0% (control) with a value of 2.09 N/mm2 at 28days and lowest tensile strength was at 10% having a value of 1.29 N/mm2 at 28 days. The highest replacement was at 2% having a tensile strength of 1.80 N/mm2 at 28 days. The result for the slump test and compaction factor test showed that the slump value, which had the highest workability, was at 0% having a value of 74mm and compaction factor value was at
10% having a value of 0.94mm. The result proves that the use of broken bottles as partial replacement for the coarse aggregates is possible and acceptable at 2% to 4% since it has not exceeded the minimum compressive strength value at 28 days for m15 (mix ratio 1:2:4).Keywords: Structural, Assessment, Concrete, Broken Bottles, Partial Replacement,
Coarse Aggregate

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  • April 17, 2023
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Analysis of Post-Harvest Losses in the Production and Marketing of Fresh Tomato in Kano State, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Agricultural Research and Food , Volume 7, number 3, 2022

Mohammed Mustapha Bada1, Ashafa Salisu Sambo2, Kabir Abdulaziz3, and Ibrahim Yakubu2
1Bank of Agriculture, Maiduguri Main Branch, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
2Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
3Dala Inland Dry Port, Kano, Nigeria.
E-mail address: ashafasambo@gmail.com

ABSTRACT


The study analysed post-harvest losses of fresh tomato marketing at various stages of the food supply chain viz. farm, wholesale and retail market levels in three Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kano State namely; Kura, Tofa and Wudil. Multi-stage sampling technique was used for sample selection. A pretested questionnaire was used
to collect data from the respondents selected randomly. A proportion of 10% of actors was chosen from a sample frame of 1604. The sample size comprises 96 producers, 21 wholesalers and 43 retailers making a total of 160 respondents. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Post-harvest loss estimation model. The results of the analysis revealed that the major causes of tomato post-harvest losses were physical fruit damage, pest and disease attack, and varietal
characteristics. The losses were greater during harvest for producers and greater during storage for the marketers. To reduce problems associated with post-harvest losses, the study recommends training farmers on post-harvest handling technologies, providing improved packaging, storage, and transportation facilities at affordable prices, harvesting produce at the proper maturity stage, and avoiding the avoidance of rough
handling of fruits to reduce physical damage. Keywords: Tomatoes, Post-harvest losses, Production, Marketing, Kano State,
Nigeria.

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  • April 17, 2023
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Comparing the Characteristics Strength of Hollow Sandcrete Blocks Produced Manually in Landmark University and Machine Compacted in Omu-Aran Metropolis

Category : International Journal of Agricultural Research and Food , Volume 7, number 3, 2022

Gana A.J, Braimoh S. O, Momoh E.U & Amodu M.F,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Landmark University, Omuaran, Kwara State
Email: gana.abu@lmu.edu.ng,braimoh.solomon@lmu.edu.ng, amadu.matthew@lmu.edu.ng

ABSTRACT


This project work investigated and compared the strength of manual method of producing hollow sandcrete blocks with machine compaction method of producing hollow sandcrete blocks obtained from Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of sixty (60) was used for this project work. The block industries were visited and a total of Forty-eight (48) blocks were obtained, twelve (12) blocks for both 6” and 9” from four block industries and control sample of 1:7 mix design were produced, six (6) blocks each of 6” and 9”. The blocks were subjected to various tests such as dimension check, bulk density, water absorption and compressive strength. The average density in these industries and control sample were within the minimum bulk density of 1,500 kg/m3 specified by BS 2028 (BSI 1975). The water absorption rates for the block industries ranged between 8.826 to 13.363% compared to the average water absorption for the control sample which 10.1%. Only one block industry was able to meet the minimum requirement for water absorption, which is below 12%. The compressive strength for 6-inch blocks from the block industries ranged from 0.25-0.41N/mm2 and for 9-inch ranged from 0.3-0.49N/mm2 compared to
the compressive strength of control samples for 6-inch and 9-inch produced were 0.31N/mm2 and 0.39N/mm2 respectively, which are below required standards. It revealed that machine compacted blocks have a higher compressive strength than the manually compacted blocks, but all the samples of the sandcrete blocks were below the Nigeria Industrial standard (NIS 87:2000) specification. Keywords: Comparing, Characteristics, Strength, Hollow Sandcrete Blocks, Produced Manually, Machine Compacted, Omu-Aran Metropolis.

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  • April 17, 2023
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Effect of Bitter Kola Seed Extract on Water Quality and Short Term Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus Hatchlings from Exposed Broodstock

Category : International Journal of Agricultural Research and Food , Volume 7, number 3, 2022

Nwafili S.A and Anele Precious
Department of Fisheries
University of Port Harcourt
Email: sylvanus.nwafili@uniport.edu.ng

ABSTRACT


The bitter kola, Garcina kola is an important plant distributed in West Africa and its efficacy in handling fish hatchery challenges have been tested and documented. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the G. kola on the hatchability of Clarias gariepinus broodfish and short-term survival of fry. C. gariepinus broodfish were exposed to the same concentration of bitter kola powder. After fertilization, products
were incubated in medium containing 1.0, 1.5, and 2g bitter kola seed extract. The control had no bitter kola seed extract. 2 weeks after hatching, the fry were fed with the commercial feed Coppens in which 0.00, 1.00, 1.5 and 2.0gms of bitter kola powder was incorporated for 56 days. The water quality parameters varied following increasing level of bitter kola seed extract but non-significant (p˃0.05). The ammonia level also followed the same trend approaching intolerable levels for fish production. Hatchability, growth and survival were significantly higher in the control
(p˂0.05) relative the treatments. The elevated levels of ammonia may be responsible for the difference between the control and the treatment. This study is useful to scientists, hatchery managers and fish growers and it emphasizes the need to optimize protocols and conditions for the utilization of phyto resources for improved husbandry practices.

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  • April 17, 2023
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Biosecurity for Agricultural Development: A Panacea for Preventing Aflatoxin from Predisposing Fish Feeds to Contaminants

Category : International Journal of Agricultural Research and Food , Volume 7, number 3, 2022

Makeri, V.A.
Department of Fisheries Technology
Akperan Orshi Polytechnic, Yandev.

ABSTRACT


Aflatoxins is a causal organisms that causes a disease known as Aflatoxicosis. They are chemicals produced by some species of naturally occurring fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) commonly known as moulds. Aflatoxin are common contaminants of oilseeds crops such as cottonseed, peanut meal, corn, wheat, sunflower, soybean, fish meal and nutritionally complete feeds can also be contaminated with fungal organism. The four major aflatoxin (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) are direct contaminants of grains and finished feeds. It attacks FEEDS when
stored in an environment with a temperature above 270C (800F), humidity levels greater than 62% and moisture levels in the feed above 14%. The researcher used fish feeds form 30 fish farmers inn Gboko Local Government Area of Benue State. Th feeds were subjected to Afla Check test kit in order to ascertain the presence of aflatoxin. Temperature were determined using thermometer and the weight, length were also measured. Statistical analysis was used in order to determine the significance
difference (p=0.05) at different levels of analysis.
Keywords: Biosecurity, aflatoxin, fugal organism, contaminants, Aspergillus
parasaticus.

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  • April 17, 2023
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The Effect of Strength and Characteristics of Concrete Using Crushed Waste Coconut Shell as Partial Replacement for Coarse Aggregate

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 7 NUMBER 3, 2022

1Sadiq A., 1Suberu J., and 3Babatunde A. Obende
1Department of Civil Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic Ado-Ekiti State. Nigeria
3Department of Civil Engineering, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti State. Nigeria
Email: callraheem78@gmail.com; Corresponding author: 1Sadiq A

ABSTRACT


This study presents a description of evaluating the effects of strength characteristics of concrete produced using crushed waste Coconut shell as a substitute for conventional Coarse aggregate. The comparisons were made by replacing conventional coarse aggregates at 0%, 2.5%, 4.5%, 6.5%, 8.5% and 10% by weight of coconut shell. Mix design of 1:2:4 and water-cement ratio of 0.50 were used to produce concrete specimen of cubes size 150mm3 and cylinder sizes 100mm x 200mm. A total of 48 concrete specimens were
casted and wholly submerged in water to cure for the intervals of 7 and 28 days after which their average compressive strengths and split tensile strength were determined. The workability established was increasing with increase in the percentage replacement of crushed granite with coconut shell aggregates. Concrete mixtures were tested and compared in terms of compressive strength of the conventional concrete at 28days. Thus,
2.5%, 4.5% and 6.5% of Coconut shell content has upright performances at the replacement, making both technically, economically feasible and conformed with design mix grade M-15 of Concrete and the Split tensile strength results range at 2.10N/mm2 to 1.32N/mm2. On further replacement, decrease in the strength of Coconut Concrete has
been observed. The study result shows that Coconut Concrete can be used as substitute of aggregates and well as light weight concrete which will not only cost effective and eco-friendly but decreases the problem of discarding of waste materials and also help to resolve the problem of scarcity of conventional material such as Coarse aggregate. Keywords: Strength, Physical properties, Workability, Coconut shell and Aggregates.

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  • April 17, 2023
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Design and CFD Analysis of a Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Surveillance Purpose

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 7 NUMBER 3, 2022

Taye Stephen Mogaji1* Adegoke Ezekiel Fadiji2, Babatunde David Oladipupo1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering
Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, PMB 104, Ondo State, Nigeria
2Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering, Bamidele Olumilua University of
Education, Science and Technology, Ikere Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Email: mogajits@gmail.com; Corresponding Author: Taye Stephen Mogaji1*

ABSTRACT


This article is based on the design and CFD analysis of a long-range fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) suitable for wide area surveillance. Taking a systems approach, the components of the UAV were designed and applied with Burke’s framework. The conceptual drawing of the proposed fixed wing UAV was done using Solidworks computer aided design CAD application software. The designed UAV has a span of 1.5m and fuselage length of 1.135m. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analysis was ran on the fixed wing UAV to evaluate its performance. The CFD result revealed that the upper surface of the wing experiences a higher velocity
than the bottom surface as expected. It is also found that the aircraft is stable statically and dynamically during flight period of simulation test. Other simulation results carried out showed that the design is considered safe and fit for fabrication.The fixed wing UAV when fabricated can be used for surveillance purpose suitable for civilian and military applications.
Keywords: fixed wing UAV, CFD, conceptual design, simulation

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  • April 17, 2023
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The Prospect of Precision Farming: Internet of Things (IOT) Context

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 7 NUMBER 3, 2022

*Ogoh Brendan C. & Eke James.
1Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering,
Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu State Nigeria
Email: brenchuks@gmail.com

ABSTRACT


Agricultural operations started before colonization. Pre-colonial age gave birth to civilization, and farming and later continued as conventional farming practice in Nigeria. Being an agricultural country, Nigeria’s farming is reliant on rain, soil, dampness, and environmental challenges. Our farmers metamorphosed into modern state of art technology in cultivation. Worldwide, IoT systems have added their application in many fields and proven to be profitable. It is time that Nigerian farmers
initiated precision agricultural systems for greater crop yield. Data from sensors situated in the farm are gotten through the Arduino hardware, conditioned and wirelessly sent to a cloud analytics platform Thing Speak, where they are stored, analyzed, and monitored automatically to ensure they do not surpass set threshold values. The effectiveness of farming lies in a farmer’s capability to imagine natural conditions and respond to them in the quickest way possible. Decades ago, the precision of such predictions wasn’t so reliable — now, it’s astonishingly high thanks to immediate data collection and distribution. The Precision agriculture system can
be managed from anywhere with aid of networking technology. Continuous research and development in precision Agriculture & Internet of things IoT technology can be cutting-edge technology in data compiling and resource optimization. Keywords: SMART (S-Specific, M-Measurable, A- Attainable, R-Realistic TTime Bound) Precision, Soil moisture sensor, Humidity sensor, Temperature sensor, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Arduino, Networking, WIFI and IoT (Internet of Things).

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  • April 17, 2023
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Dynamic Vulcanization and Voids Content of Low-Density Polyethene/Natural Rubber Filled Coir Fibre Composites

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 7 NUMBER 3, 2022

1Mohammed Abdullahi Baba*, 1Mohammed Kabir Yakubu, 1Umaru S. Ishiaku,
1Abdullahi Adamu Kogo, 1Usman A. Busuguma & 2Aminu Sabo Musa
1Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
2Department of Textile Technology, Kano State Polytechnic, Kano
Email: mohammedbaba700@gmail.com
Corresponding Author: Mohammed Abdullahi Baba

ABSTRACT


The study was aimed to determine the effect of dynamic vulcanization on density and voids content of low density polyethene/natural rubber filled with coir fibre (CF) at different percentage loadings. The voids contents were determined from the values of theoretical and experimental densities of non vulcanized LDPE/NR composites and their corresponding vulcanizates. The dynamically vulcanized composites have recorded higher densities than the non-vulcanized ones. This could be due to the cross
linkage formed during vulcanization resulted into high compactness of the materials. Generally, higher percentage voids contents were recorded with increase in fibre content, with the exception of composite loaded with 40% CF. The decline signifies better interaction and interfacial adhesion between CF and the matrix at the respective fibre loading as supported by SEM. Keywords: Coir fibre, composites, natural rubber, dynamic vulcanization, density, voids

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