• February 19, 2021
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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT TWO ANTI-MALARIA DRUGS (CHLOROQUINE AND ARTEQUIN) ON SOME SERUM BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN RATS

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences , volume 5, number 2, 2020

1Ugwu P. I, 1Obiechina M. C, 1Anyaehie U.S. B, 2Ofem O. E & 3Elendu, U. M

1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.

2Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar,

3Department of Physiology, Imo State University, Owerri

Correspondence: Email: princewill.ugwu@unn.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Artemisinin combination therapies (ACT) have replaced the old drugs (like chloroquine) used as first line treatment for malaria. This current study aimed to investigate the comparative effects of chloroquine (an old drug) and artequin (an ACT drug) on serum biochemical indices in rats. Thirty-six (36) Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 2 batches. Each batch had 3 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 was control, groups 2 and 3 respectively received artequin (1.6mg/100g bwt) and chloroquine (0.875mg/100g bwt) orally and once daily. Administration lasted for 3 and 7 days for batches 1 and 2 respectively. The biochemical analysis of the serum was carried out using standard methods. Results obtained on both days 3 and 7 showed that serum total protein and globulin concentrations in the artequin group was significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to control. The alkaline phosphatase concentration in the artequin group on day 7 was significantly (p>0.05) higher compared to control. In conclusion, administration of artequin and chloroquine at their recommended doses and duration is relatively safe. Prolonged administration of artequin could predispose to low serum proteins and globulin with accompanied elevations in ALP levels while chloroquine could increase AST level signifying hepatocellular damage.

Key Words: Anti-malaria drug, chloroquine, artequin, liver enzymes, proteins

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  • February 19, 2021
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SARIMA MODELLING OF DAILY LABORATORY CONFIRMED CASES OF CORONAVIRUS IN NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences , volume 5, number 2, 2020

Ette Harrison Etuk

Department of Mathematics

Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Email: ettetuk@yahoo.com, ettehetuk@gmail.com, etuk.ette@ust.edu.ng

ABSTRACT: This study is an attempt to model daily confirmed cases of coronavirus in Nigeria. A time plot of the series shows an upward trend with some seasonality. It is tested for unit test and is shown to be non-stationary. Its difference shows evidence of stationarity. The correlogram of the difference shows significant spikes at the partial autocorrelation function at lags 1 and 12 and at its autocorrelation function at lags 1 and 13, with the lag 13 spike surrounded by spikes of comparable lengths in the same direction. This suggests an autoregressive fit of lags 1 and 12 and a moving average fit of lags 1, 13 and 14. A fit of the model shows that only the moving average lags are significant. A more specific SARIMA(0, 1, 1)x(0, 0, 1)13 model is fitted to the series. This shows that the series may be regarded as a SARIMA(0, 1, 1)x(0, 0, 1)13 case. 

Key Words: Covid-19 pandemic, SARIMA modelling

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  • February 19, 2021
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EFFECTS OF DYNAMIC GEOMETRY INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMME ON STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE AND RETENTION IN GEOMETRY IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Sciences and Advanced Innovative Research , Volume 5, number 1, 2020

Benjamin I. Imoko1 & Gabriel Akinlolu Omotosho2

1Department of Science and Mathematics Education, Benue State University, Markudi

2Department of Mathematics/Statistics, Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia

Email: jogbodoakinlolu@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The study investigated the effects of dynamic geometry instructional programme on SS1 students’ performance and retention in geometry in Nasarawa State. Six research questions guided the study.  The design of the study was quasi-experimental, non-equivalent pre-test, post- test control group type. The population consisted of all the SS1 students in 13 local governments in Nasarawa State. The sample of the study comprised 210 SS1 students in six senior secondary schools using purposive sampling technique. Geometry Performance Test (GPT) with reliability coefficients of 0.84 was used for data collection. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The results showed that there is significant difference in mean performance scores and mean retention scores between the SS1 students taught geometry using dynamic geometry instructional programme and those taught using the conventional method. The results showed that there is no significant difference in the performance and retention of male and female students taught geometry with dynamic geometry instructional programme. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that awareness of the positive effects of dynamic geometry instructional programme on the performance and retention in geometry should be brought to the attention of school administrators.

Key words: Dynamic, Geometry, Performance, Retention, Van Hiele

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  • February 19, 2021
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ANALYSIS OF URBAN LAND USE ENCROACHMENT ON RIVER KADUNA FOODPLAIN, KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA

Category : International Journal of Sciences and Advanced Innovative Research , Volume 5, number 1, 2020

1Baba, Ezekiel Bahago; 2Maiyaki, Dele Jibrin & 2Musa, Isa

1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Fed. Capital Development Authority, Area 11 Garki, Abuja

2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna

Email:easybahago@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Global trend of urbanization has changed considerably as the development on flood plain is evident in urban settlement. This is the case of Kaduna urban area. Kaduna urban area is divided into almost two equal halves by river Kaduna. The Master plan of the Kaduna designated floodplain along the river to avoid exposing the inhabitant of the area to flood vulnerability. Nevertheless, land use development has since taken over the designated area of the floodplain which is the thrust of the study. The study aims at analyzing the urban land uses components that had encroached into the flood plain with the view of making recommendation for improvement. The study uses GIS tool as a model to determine the spatial extent of encroachment into the floodplains of the River. The study divided the study area into catchment areas for easy assessment. At the end of the analysis, the study established that the rate and nature of urban land use encroachment into the floodplain is progressive in nature. The average encroachment rate into the designated area was established at 49.9Km2 which represents 40.92% of the total land areas designated as flood plain in 1967. Among the land uses that has encroached into the flood plain, residential land use has the highest encroachment level with 85.8% of the area encroached by it while others like industrial, educational and institutional land uses encroached 5.8%, 2.8% and 1.4% into the floodplain respectively. The lowest encroached land use into the area is the commercial, infrastructure and recreational land uses with 0.1%, 0.2% and 1.2% respectively. Based on these established facts, the following recommendations were given; there should be relocation of the inhabitant of the land uses to avoid risk of flood vulnerability; there should be effective policy integration and implementation of all urban management agencies responsible for physical development in Kaduna metropolis to avoid further encroachment into the floodplain; there should be land acquisition of all encroached and un-encroached area of the flood plain by the state government so as to regulate the area; there should be the creation of floodplain Buffer Zone to outline detail profiling of the existing built up area and the existing land use encroachment in the floodplain of the area; and land in safe and accessible locations should be supply to meet the needs of all sectors of the society to avoid further encroachment into the floodplain;

Keywords: Master Plan Provision, Land Use Encroachment

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  • February 19, 2021
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ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND LAND USES AFFECTED BY FLOOD WITHIN GREATER YOLA, ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Sciences and Advanced Innovative Research , Volume 5, number 1, 2020

Benjamin I. Imoko1 & Gabriel Akinlolu Omotosho2

1Department of Science and Mathematics Education, Benue State University, Markudi

2Department of Mathematics/Statistics, Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia

Email: jogbodoakinlolu@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The study investigated the effects of dynamic geometry instructional programme on SS1 students’ performance and retention in geometry in Nasarawa State. Six research questions guided the study.  The design of the study was quasi-experimental, non-equivalent pre-test, post- test control group type. The population consisted of all the SS1 students in 13 local governments in Nasarawa State. The sample of the study comprised 210 SS1 students in six senior secondary schools using purposive sampling technique. Geometry Performance Test (GPT) with reliability coefficients of 0.84 was used for data collection. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The results showed that there is significant difference in mean performance scores and mean retention scores between the SS1 students taught geometry using dynamic geometry instructional programme and those taught using the conventional method. The results showed that there is no significant difference in the performance and retention of male and female students taught geometry with dynamic geometry instructional programme. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that awareness of the positive effects of dynamic geometry instructional programme on the performance and retention in geometry should be brought to the attention of school administrators.

Key words: Dynamic, Geometry, Performance, Retention, Van Hiele

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  • February 19, 2021
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ASSESSING AGGREGATE SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN SOILS FORMED ON SANDSTONE/SHALE PARENT MATERIAL IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research , Volume 5, number 1, 2020

Essien, O. A & Umoh, F. O

Department of Soil Science

Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpadem

Email: otobongessien19@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Disintegration of Soil aggregate increases with poor Soil Management practices, to achieve Stability of Soil aggregate, the understanding of aggregate-size fraction of the soil management practices that will enhance Soil Stability is necessary. The study was carried out to evaluate aggregate-size distribution in Akwa Ibom State, Southeastern Nigeria. Twenty-four Soil Samples were collected from twenty-four locations in the study area. The Soil Samples were air dried and Sieved through a 4mm sieve for aggregate size fractionation with a nest of four sieves; 4-2.0, 2.0-0.25, 0.25-0.053 and < 0.053mm, using the wet-sieving method, air-drying plus capillary wetted and air-drying plus slaked pretreatment, while 2mm sieved sample was used for physical and chemical analysis. The results show that the values of large macroaggregates were significantly (p < 0.05) less than the small macro – aggregates, micro aggregates and mineral fractions. The results show differences in aggregate size distribution and could be used to plan soil management in the study area.

Keywords: Aggregate size distribution, soil management and conservation.

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  • February 19, 2021
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SOLAR-POWERED WATER PUMPING SYSTEM FOR CATTLE WATERING IN MUBI CATTLE MARKET

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 5, NUMBER 1, 2020

I.U. Haruna1, W. Ibrahim2

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria

2Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic KauraNamoda, Zamfara State

Email: heldabuk@yahoo.com; wadaasy@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Cattle like other creatures require water supply for survival.The shortage of water supply for cattle in Mubi cattle market is a thing of concern for all and sundry. This inadequate water supply in the cattle market apart from directly affecting the health of the animals, it also affects the cattle marketers from economic standpoint. Instead of relying on the supply of water by water tankers and truck pushers, this paper attempts to design a solar-powered water pumping system for cattle watering in the market. The average daily water requirement by the cattle is obtained from daily number of cows in the market for two years. A deep well jack pump with 75-volt dc motor is used. The worksheet employed in this design reveals that an average pumping rate of 2405 1litres/hr of water can be produced by71 Modules of 917 Watts. This technology can go a long way in addressing the inadequate water supply in the cattle market and in any other cattle market having similar problem.

Keywords: Solar, Pump, Water, Cattle, Worksheet

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  • February 19, 2021
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EFFICIENCY OF ORDINARY LEAST SQUARES IN REGRESSION MODELS WITH AUTOCORRELATED DISTURBANCES IN A CLASSICAL LINEAR STATISTICAL MODEL

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 5, NUMBER 1, 2020

Bartholomew A Uchendu; Uzoma Phillip Uche & Duruojinkeya Prisca

Department of Maths/Statistics

Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria

E-mail: uchendubartholomewahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The illustrative values of the asymptotic efficiency for the selected values of ρ and λ shows that, when ρ and λ are both positive, it is clear that ρ is the dominant parameter. Efficiency declines from 90 percent to about, 10 percent as ρ rises from 0.2 to 0.9, with variations in λ having relatively minor effect. The diagonal entries are equal to those in the first row of table (2) since if λ = 0 or if ρ = λ, the efficiency measure simplified to (1 – ρ2)/(1 + ρ2). Looking at the left hand side of the table, the efficiencies are symmetrical across the first row where the xt series are random. The remaining rows show that λ now exerts a much stronger effect and that the combination of a positive λ and negative ρ can moderate the dramatic declines in efficiency shown in the right – hand side of the table. These calculations are of course, only illustrative, but, they indicate the possibility of a serious loss in efficiency if Ordinary Least Squares is applied in the context of auto correlated disturbances.

Keywords: Efficiency, Ordinary Least Squares, Auto correlated disturbances.

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  • February 19, 2021
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VORTEX PATTERN OF VARYING REYNOLD’S NUMBER WITH FIXED ASPECT RATIO, AND VICE VERSA IN A LID DRIVEN SQUARE CAVITY

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 5, NUMBER 1, 2020

Aliyu A. Baba1, Bello Zubairu2 & Sunday Ayigun3

1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State

  2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State

  3Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi. Adamawa State

E-mail: adamuldam@yahoo.com; adamuldam@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The simulation of flow for laminar fluid in lid driven square cavity was conducted by employing a code that run in MATLAB and in the first simulation, a fixed value of the Reynold’s number of 600 was maintained, it was observed from the figures and results that as the aspect ratios were varied (increased) from 0.3, 0.4 and 0.6, the vortex tends to increase in number of streamlines closing the spaces between each other and widening to occupy the bottom right. However, in the second simulation, where the aspect ratio of 0.2 was maintained and varying different Reynolds numbers of 400, 500 and 600, the vortex formed also increases and becoming too close to one another as the Reynold’s number increases, thereby indicating that the pressure coefficient inside the lid square cavity is controlled by the aspect ratio as well as the Reynold’s number.

Keywords: lid driven square cavity, Reynold’s number, Aspect ratio, Vortex.

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  • February 19, 2021
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THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF AN IMPACT OF LEFT-HANDED MATERIALS IN SURFACE PLASMON AND PROPAGATION LENGTH

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery, VOLUME 5, NUMBER 1, 2020

¹E. W. Likta, ²O. W. Olosaji & ²A. M. Tijjani

¹Department of Physics, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State

²Department of Physics, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi

E-Mail: emmalikta2014@gmail.com

Correspondence: ¹E. W. Likta

ABSTRACT

The goal of this paper is to obtain a theoretical investigation of surface plasmons of geometry. The studied shows the effect of LHM on the surface Plasmon propagation length. A Left-Handed Material layer excite surface plasma with lower energy dissipation rate allow longer propagation distance has been achieved. 

Keywords: Surfaceplasma, LHM layer,Maxwell’s equations, propagation and electric field

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