SUITABILITY EVALUATION OF LAND USE LAND COVER OF IMO STATE FOR SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT

Ogbuji, S. I.& Ede, P. N.

Department of Geography and Environmental Management,Imo State University, Owerri,

Institute of Geoscience and Space Technology, River State University, Port Harcourt

E-mail:sogbujiic@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This study seeks to establish the current status of the land use/ cover of Imo State going by the level of urbanization in the state, in order to determine the proportion of land available for sustainable ecotourism development in the state. The data used for this study were mainly secondary data obtained from the United State Geological Survey (USGS) website. The satellite data covering the study area which was obtained from earth explorer site was imported in ERDAS Imagine version 9.2 satellite image processing software to create a False Color Composite (FCC). The layer stack option in image interpreter tool box was used to generate FCCs for the study area. The sub-setting of satellite images was performed for extracting the study area from both images by taking geo-referenced out polygon boundary of Imo State AOI (Area of Interest). All satellite data were studied by assigning per-pixel signatures and differentiating the area into five land use/cover classes on the bases of the specific Digital Number (DN) value of different landscape elements. The delineated classes are; Built up area, Bare land, Light forest/Agricultural land, Water body and Dense forest. Based on experts opinion and literature, the most important land use/ cover for sustainable ecotourism development is dense forest while built-up area does not support ecotourism development. For each of the predetermined land cover/use type, training samples was selected by delimiting polygons around representative sites. Spectral signatures for the respective land cover types derived from the satellite imagery was recorded by using the pixels enclosed by these polygons, after which, maximum likelihood algorithm was used for supervised classification of the images. Classification accuracy was determined using an error matrix (sometimes called a confusion matrix). This is because image classification using different classification algorithms may classify pixels or group of pixels to wrong classes. The study revealed that light forest/ farm land  constitute the largest proportion of the total land area (59.5% ) of the total land area, followed by built up area (21.3%) which has no value for ecotourism development, then dense forest (12.8%), the valuable ecotourism. Water body comprises 0.4% while bare land made up (6.0%) the remaining proportion. The study suggested that government should make and implement proper land use management policies for sustainable land utilization and tourism development.

Keywords: Suitability evaluation, Land use Land cover, Sustainable development, Ecotourism, Imo State.

INTERRUPTED TIME SERIES MODELLING OF DAILY MALAYSIAN RINGITT MYR / LIBERIAN DOLLAR LRD EXCHANGE RATES

Ette Harrison Etuk& Daniel Sokari George

¹Department of Mathematics, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

²Department of Mathematics / Statistics, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

This work is about proposing an intervention model for the exchange rates of Malaysian Ringitt MYR and the Liberian Dollar LRD. The intervention point was observed to be November 8, 2019. A pre-intervention ARIMA model of order (0, 1, 7),  was fitted and forecasts were obtained for the post-intervention data on the basis of it. The difference between the forecast and the original post-intervention data was modeled for the transfer function. The resultant model was observed to adequately represent the data.

Keywords: MYR, LRD, Arima modeling, Intervention modelling

INTERVENTION ANALYSIS OF DAILY KENYAN SHILLING / NIGERIA NAIRA EXCHANGE RATES

ABOKO, IGBOYE SIMON

Department of Statistics

Captain ElechiAmadi Polytechnic, Rumuola, Port Harcourt

E-mail address: abokoigboye@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The research work is about an intervention on daily exchange rates of the Kenyan (KEN) Shilling and its Nigeria counterpart Naira (NGN) observed on 17^th August, 2017. The realization of this time series studies span from 19^th March, 2017 to 11^th September, 2017. There is an abrupt jump or change in 4^th August, 2017 which prompted an intervention modelling. The pre-intervention series was adjusted stationary by the Augmented Dickey Fuller test. Fitted on it is a series X_t= 0.8633X_t-1 + 0.01367X_t­_-12 – 0.7480ε_t-1 + ε_t. And the estimated residual is the white noise process. On the basis of this model, the post intervention forecasts were obtained. The intervention produces closed relationship between the post intervention data and their forecast data.

Keywords: Kenyan shilling, Nigerian Naira, Exchange rates, Intervention modelling, ARIMA modelling.

ASSESSMENT OF SMALL SCALE PADDY RICE PROCESSING AND MARKETING INDASS LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA

Bose, A. A.¹, Jatbong, J. N.²,Danwanka, H. A. ¹ and Zayyad, B.¹       

¹Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension A.T.B.U. Bauchi, Nigeria                 

²Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria

Corresponding author: abdullahi.bose@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The study assessed small scale paddy rice processing and marketing in Dass Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Purposive and random sampling techniques were used and data were collected from 75 respondents with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm budget model and regression analysis. The result reveals that average age of the farmers was 40.3 years and majority (60%) of the respondents were female. Also, 93.3% of the respondents had acquired various forms of formal education and 58.7% of the respondents engaged in rice milling and marketing as their primary occupation. The total variable cost and gross income for processing a 100kg bag of paddy rice were N8,938.40 ($24.83) and N11,394.42 ($31.65), respectively. The marketing margin and marketing efficiency were 33% and 284%, respectively. Net income and Return per naira invested were N2,456.02 ($6.82) and N0.27, respectively. Thus, small scale paddy rice milling is a profitable enterprise in the study area. The average quantity of paddy milled was 97.5 bags per week. Result on regression reveals that price had positive coefficient and significant at P<0.05, which implies that increase in selling price, might lead to increase in gross income. Cost of milling had negative coefficient and significant at P<0.001, which implies that decrease in milling charges might lead to increase in gross income. The R² was estimated at 0.947 which implies that about 95% of the variation in the gross income is explained by the explanatory variables included in the model and F-value of 165.038 was significant at P<0.001. However, inadequate market information; inadequate credit facilities; variability in price of rice and high cost of milling machines were some of the constraints affecting small scale paddy rice milling in the study area. The study recommends that rice processors/marketers should be encouraged to form co-operatives so as to have easy access to credit facilities and to market their products collectively.

Keywords:Marketing, Nigeria, Paddy rice, Processing, Small-scale

DATA MINING: THEORY, CONCEPT AND TECHNIQUES

Mustapha Ibrahim¹ and David O. Tayo²

^{1& 2}Department of Computer Science

Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu. Yobe State

Email: mustee2004@yahoo.com or babakhalil2012@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Organizations recently developed transaction processing technology that requires data captures in large amount and match the speed of processing of the data into information which can be utilized in making decision. Data mining, the extraction of hidden predictive information from large databases, is a newly powerful technology with great potential that help organisations to project on the vital information in their data warehouses. Machine learning is used for statistical and visualization techniques to discover and present knowledge in a form which is easily intelligible to humans. Data mining tools are used to predict future trends and behaviours, allow businesses to make proactive, knowledge-driven decisions. Most organisations received and store large volume of data about their businesses and most of these data are not used to analyse useful information form it due to inability to derive a viable information form it. Data mining tools can answer business questions that traditionally were too time consuming to resolve. They scour databases for hidden patterns, finding predictive information that experts may miss because it lies outside their expectations. Data mining tools support organisation to ascertain valuable information from the data set. To deliver a large volume of data in term of speed and accurate the use of data mining tools becomes paramount for effective and efficient useful of information of future prediction. Financial organisations in these days make use of computer as a tool for adequate and effective storage of information or data.

Key words: Data Mining, Data warehousing, machine Learning and Tools and Techniques 

AN ASSESSMENT OF UNEQUAL MASSES OF ATOMS MOVING IN GEOMETRY OF TWO COMPONENT FERMION SYSTEM

¹E. W. Likta, ²M. A. Abdul Azeez and ³ M. F. Haque

¹Department of Physics, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State.

²Department of Physics Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi,

¹E-Mail: emmalikta2014@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The goal of this paper is to obtain the unequal masses of the atoms moving in geometry of two component fermions system. The two component fermions systems have been considered. The fermion-dimer scattering length  and dimer-dimer scattering length  in the universal limit of large fermion-fermion scattering length  have been computed. The scattering properties of the fermion-dimer, dimer-dimer and the mass ratio dependence of the universal fermion-dimer and universal dimer-dimer scattering length have been analyzed. Scattering properties of composed system indicate a deep understanding of the dynamics in many-body of an atom system.

Key word: Atoms, fermion-fermion, fermion-dimer, dimer-dimer and Hamiltonian