• March 22, 2025
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Variability among Twenty Tomato Cultivars for Yield Traits and Storability, Southern Guinea Savannah Ecological zone of Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

Abolusoro P.F1.and Audu Rose N.O 2

ABSTRACT

A screen house experiment was conducted at Kabba college of Agriculture in kogi state of Nigeria from March – August 2021 and repeated at the same time in the year 2022, to study the variable characteristics associated with twenty tomato cultivars. The aim of the study is to sort out the most promising among the tested cultivars based on the yield and fruit quality for adoption as cultivar of choice for large scale production in the study area. Ten local and ten exotic cultivars were studied. The local cultivars were; Dan acre, Dan Hausa, Dan Karufi, Ishase, Ake –Ago pitis Testicles, Liye, Aho-Avegh, gou, local wrinkle, and Igede collected from Zaria, Kaduna, Zaria, Benue, Kabba and Ibadan. The exotic cultivars were; Tima, Rio Grande, Tropimech, Tomato peto 85, Roma VF, Roma savanna, Tomato-82-B, cobra F1, Boomerang and plum roma. Seedlings were raised from the selected 20 cultivars and transplanted to the screen house four week after planting. The experimental design was complete randomization, each treatment was replicated 3 times. Date was obtained for growth, yield and quality parameters. The growth and yield parameters were subjected to analysis of variance using FLSD at 5% probability level.  The result from the experiment showed significant differences in all the growth and yield parameters. The fruit quality (storability, nutrient content), also varied across the cultivars. Based on the yield and quality parameters, five (5) most promising among the tested cultivars (Cobra, Boomerang, Rio grande, Ishaze and Dan karufi) were selected for further studies.

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  • March 22, 2025
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Tree Species Diversity and Structure of Illo-Kaoje Forest Reserve, Kebbi State, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Agricultural Research and Food Production VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

Abubakar Idris Zagga

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to examine tree species diversity and structure of Illo-Kaoje Forest Reserve. Twenty sample plots (20m×25m) were laid at random within the forest reserve. In each plots, the number and type of tree species were identified and recorded. Diameter at breath height (dbh) and Tree height of each stand was also measured. A total of 568 tree species distributed in 13 families, 27 genera and 31 species were recorded. Vitaleria paradoxa had the highest number of trees (91) followed by Daniellia oliveri (76) while Strichnos spinosa and Nauclea diderrichii had 3 stand each. Shannon Wiener diversity index was 2.92; Species richness 1.30; Evenness 0.85 while Hmax and Density stood as 0.85 and 0.06 respectively. Illo-Kaoje Forest Reserve has a moderate diversity and therefore, the need to manage the existing forest resources for continual production of goods and services is hereby recommended.

Keywords: Diversity, forest reserve, Dbh, tree height and density

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  • March 22, 2025
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Effect of Ethanol Extract of Momordica Balsamina and Some Antioxidants on Biomarkers in Broilers with a Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus

Category : International Journal of Agricultural Research and Food Production VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

Agang, I. D.1 ; Sai:du, L.2; Audu, P.A.3; Suleiman, M.M.4; Gambari, K.O.5;  Hambagda, F.O.6;  Riki, F.7; Darlinton, K.O.8; Akushielem, G.C.9; Diugwu J.10; Ayomoh, E.11; Okonkwo  K.O12 & Holms, M.J.13

ABSTRACT

Newcastle disease poses a serious threat to the poultry industry as it has economic and ecological impact on pet, free living as well as domestic birds. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of some antioxidants and Momordica balsamina on haematological parameters in broilers challenged with ND Kudu 113 Virus. Two-hundred-day-old broilers were procured from a hatchery in Ibadan. The chicks were brooded for 4 weeks then divided into 8 groups (1 ml/L) of 20 chicks each. Each group was housed in a pen on deep litter system with a floor space of 1.14 cm2 /bird with the exception of G1 which was housed outside the faculty. All the experimental groups except G1 were challenged with NDV Kudu 113 strain but G1 was given 2 ml of distilled water at 5 weeks of age. Birds in G2 were challenged with NDV and not treated with any antioxidant but given 2 ml of water at 5 weeks of age. Birds in G3 were administered vitamin C600 mg tablets in 2L of water at the rate of 2 ml of water per bird orally. Birds in G4 were treated with vit. E 400 mg/ml and challenged. Birds in G5 were treated with selenium-vit Eat I ml/L in 2 L of water /bird orally. Birds in G6 were treated with ethanol extract of M. balsamina leaves 400 mg/ml in 2 L of water orally. Birds in G7 were administered ethanol extract of M. balsamina roots 200 mg/ml in 2 L of water orally. Birds in G7 were administered ethanol extract of M. balsamina roots 200 mg/ml

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  • March 22, 2025
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Effects of Planting Time and Manure Types on The Performance of Five Tomato Cultivars

Category : 2024 , International Journal of Agricultural Research and Food Production VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

1Abolusoro P. F. and 2Audu Rose N. O

ABSTRACT

Field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of cultivars, planting time and manure types on the growth and yield of five cultivars of tomatoes. The research was conducted at Kabba college of Agriculture, Kogi state of Nigeria in the months of July, august and September 2018 and repeated the same time in 2019.  Three manure types were used for the research. Pre soil testing was done. Seedlings were raised in the nursery from the selected cultivars for each month mentioned above and transplanted to the field four weeks after planting. The experimental design was spit- split design laid in a randomized complete block design with each treatment replicated three times. Data obtained for growth and yield parameters were subjected to analysis of variance using FLSD at 5% probability level. The result showed that significant differences were observed across the cultivars, months of planting and manure types. Rio grande, Boomerang and cobra recorded significantly higher yield amongst the tested cultivars. The yield was higher in the month of July while poultry manure recorded the highest yield across the cultivars.

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  • March 22, 2025
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Assessment of Housing quality in Katungu, Makurdi Benue State

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

Unum Edward Godwin1* & Hon Terna Sabastine1

ABSTRACT

This study focused on housing quality in Katungu, Makurdi with the aim to assess the quality of residential housing in Katungu settlement and suggest a sustainable housing quality for the people therein. The study examined; housing conditions as well as the socio-economic status of sampled respondents in Katungu. Both primary and secondary data were collected. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were used. A total number of 150 questionnaires were administered using a Systematic random sampling method. The first building was sampled at random while the subsequent buildings were chosen systematically after every tenth (10th) building. The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistics for analysis.  The result of the analysis shows that the  quality of housing in Katungu is not encouraging and this is due to the low level of income been earned by the inhabitants, the highest number of respondents that earned between  #5100 – #10000 is 30%. The study also recommends a way of improving housing quality in areas where there are dilapidated structures which may involve the use of micro-finance companies to   grant loans to low income earners, and also the state and local government should embark on programmes that will encourage the provision of social amenities and facilities, this includes the provision of pipe-borne water, public toilet facilities, and effective waste disposal system.

Keywords: Assessment, Housing, Quality, Benue State, Nigeria

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  • March 22, 2025
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Housing Conditions and their Health Impacts on the Residents of Abakaliki Metropolis of Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Environmental Studies and Safety Research VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

*1Hyacinth O. Eze; 2CelineChukwunweme & 3Cornelius U. Ozuomba

ABSTRACT

This study is aimed at assessing housing conditions and their health impacts on the residents of Abakaliki Metropolis of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. It has the objectives of examining the prevailing environmental and housing conditions in the study area; appraising the perception of residents about their housing and environmental sanitation; and exploring their health impacts and possible actions that can be taken towards sustainable environmental, housing, sanitation and healthy living in the area. The research adopted a survey research design which helped in elucidating vital information from the respondents on the effects of housing conditions in the selected area of study. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were adopted and a total number of 387 respondents were fit for the study. Structured questionnaire instrument, interview and personal observation facilitated in the gathering of information. Collated data were presented and analyzed using tables, percentages, and means; while the hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square in determining the relationship between housing condition and the health of the residents. Major findings from the study revealed that majority of buildings in the study area were rented tenement buildings with over 40 years of age. There were cases of broken floor, broken doors and windows, leaking roof, poor electricity and water supply, cracked wall and indiscriminate waste disposal constituted the housing and environmental problems. Available health issues’ responses include skin disease, malaria fever, typhoid fever, diarrhea, cholera, depression and anxiety and genitourinary tract infection as the prevalent health challenges faced in the study area. The respondents were satisfied with the refuse collection and disposal method; but were dissatisfied with the toilet location, very dissatisfied with the drainage and sanitation conduct in the area. Based on the six identified significant measures for improving housing conditions in the study area, relevant recommendations were made for implementing development plans and planning schemes.

Keywords: Housing, Environment, Waste, Sanitation, and Health. 

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  • March 22, 2025
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A Comparative Investigation into Some Engineering Properties of Soils from Two Selected Sites in Jos, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

1Zakka, P.W., 2Dapia, Z.A., 1Agboju, S.E, 1Cyril, C.K., and 1Davou, P.J

ABSTRACT

The continues use of inappropriate construction methods on building substructures by some building contractors within Jos and its environs relatively to an assumption that “the soils within Jos are stable”, this assumption has led to many building contractors altering the balance between strength (stability/safety) and economy (cost) i.e.  given more priority to economy than strength by not undertaking detail site investigation on site and in the laboratory to know the bearing capacity and behaviour of the soils prior to execution of the project, this in-turn has resulted to many structural defects on buildings and other infrastructures within Jos and as well as building collapse in some part of the state. Consequently, a comparative investigation was carried out on some selected construction sites within the area under view in order to determine if actually the initial assumption was true about soils in Jos. The results obtained clearly show that there was a high degree of variation considering the strength characteristics and behaviour of soils within Jos.

Keywords: construction methods; strength; economy; site investigation; bearing capacity; variation.

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  • March 22, 2025
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The Effects of Sweet Potato Peel Ash and Egg Shell Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Production

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

Akiniyi A.A., Gana A.J. and Oladunni Isaac Olasubomi

ABSTRACT

This study aimed at the possibility of using eggshell powder (ESP) and sweet potato peel ash (SPPA) in place of some of the conventional cement while making concrete. The search for substitutes for conventional cement that are more ecologically friendly is becoming more and more important as the market for sustainable building materials grows. The physical, mechanical, and durability characteristics of concrete mixtures including ESP and SPPA will be the main emphasis of this study. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to determine the present level of understanding on the utilization of agricultural waste products in concrete. The aim of this research was to compare the cost-effectiveness and availability of these wastes, as well as to examine the impact of these wastes on concrete and the characteristic strength of concrete that is made partially from egg shell powder and sweet potato peel ash instead of cement. The samples were then subjected to laboratory tests including the split tensile strength test, flexural strength test, compressive strength test, slump test, and X-ray fluorescence test. The influence of SPPA and ESP on the setting time and workability of the concrete mixtures was also examined. The SPPA and ESP were both divided into 1:1 ratio and evenly split into the concrete. They samples were all divided into different percentages of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. Curing was also done for 7, 14, 28 and 56 days respectively for all the percentages of samples. According to the experiment, 20% replacement had the lowest compressive strength over the course of the entire curing age, while 5% replacement had the highest value at each curing age. In terms of cost, availability of these wastes, and mechanical strength, it would be profitable to use 5% of SPPA and ESP in lieu of cement. The results of this study may help develop sustainable building methods and provide a fresh approach to the advantageous application of agricultural byproducts in the building sector.

Keywords: Effect, Sweep Potato Peel Ash, Egg Shell Powder, Partial Replacement, Cement, Concrete Production

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  • March 22, 2025
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Pedestrians Analysis and Design for Taiwo Road Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

Braimoh O. S. & Gana A. J.

ABSTRACT

Designing for pedestrians is a research work carried out as a result of the inadequate availability of pedestrian facilities resulting to increased accidents and other environmental and human hazards resulting from intermodal competitions for spaces vis-à-vis Highway capacity. This has helped to consider the possibility of pedestrian facilities for transportation in Taiwo road. The presence of pedestrian in Taiwo road has been investigated and found to be 538 per hour. In this research, Pedestrian facilities were designed for the Ibrahim Taiwo road in Ilorin city which is 3900m distance (from Taiwo salee junction to the end of the road at General Hospital roundabout).The design was done by carrying out pedestrian count on the Sidewalk and Crosswalk for the road in two hours for three days. The Sidewalk designed is 2.0m while the distance between the crosswalk markings is 0.6m and the thickness of the zebra crossing line is 0.6mat 3800m, 3200m 2150m, 650m and 200m from the origin of the road with 3m width, the Island height is 0.15m, the height of the signs above the ground is 2.0m and the Bus shelters are located at 3800m and 650m from the origin. The use of pedestrian facilities is vital to the advancement and development of any locality. By placing emphasis on walking, the problem of acceptance will be over along the Ibrahim Taiwo road of Ilorin. It is recommended that the design of pedestrian facility should no longer be ignored in current transportation planning practices and in formulating, implementing and refining policies. In this light, Taiwo road should be marked with white lines for the sidewalk and other pedestrian facilities provided.

Keywords: Pedestrians, Analysis, Design, Taiwo Road Ilorin

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  • March 22, 2025
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Performance of Concrete made with River Stones and Crushed Stones as Coarse Aggregates within Okene (LGA), Kogi State, Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Scientific Discovery VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2024

Sadiq A.; Afolabi M. Suberu J. A

ABSTRACT 

It is a common practice within Okene local government area (LGA) in Kogi State, Nigeria to use river stones as construction materials to provide sustainability and growth in the State. A detail reports aimed at investigating the performance of concrete made with crushed stone and locally sourced river stone as coarse aggregates for concrete productions. The preliminary laboratory investigation was conducted to characterize the crushed stone and locally sourced river stone include the sieve test, physical properties, aggregate impact value and aggregate crushing value were within the required specifications to determine the sustainability of using coarse aggregates for construction work. A prescribed mix of 1:1.5:3 and 1:1:2, cement, fine and coarse aggregates respectively with water cement ratio of 0.55 was adopted. The constituents were mixed manually and cast into cubic mould size 150mm3 for the compressive strength while cylinder mould measuring 100mm diameter x 200mm long was used for split tensile strength. All the cube specimens were demoulded after 24hours and cured by immersing in water for maturity of 7, 14 and 28days respectively. It was observed that all the test results proved to have the required strength and also indicate that concrete produced with crushed stone has the maximum compacting factor and slump value. The optimum mean compressive strength and split tensile strength are 29.52N/mm2 and 3.88N/mm2 at designated mix for concrete made with crushed stone compared to river stone as 26.58N/mm2 and 3.08N/mm2 cured at 28days of testing respectively. The characteristics of the individual aggregate accounted for the variation in strength of the concrete. In conclusion, it’s advisable to use both mix ratios for structural elements and the effect of any types of coarse aggregate on the concrete strength will be identified and also enable consumers to determine the type of aggregate to be designated for a specific concrete production.

Keywords: characterization, coarse aggregates, strength, consistency test and physical properties.

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