• May 2, 2023
  • 0

Response Surface Optimization of Extraction of Bioactive Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Codiaeum variegatum Leaves

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences, volume 7, number 2, 2022

Adewole O.A1*, Adewole S.A2, Adaramola F.B3, Ukangwa N.A4, Akintunde
A.O5, Adeoye B.K6
1,4Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria.
2,5,Department of Agriculture and Industrial Technology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo.
3Department of Basic Sciences, Chemistry unit, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria.
6Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo.Corresponding author: Adewole, OA.; E-mail: adewoleo@babcock.edu.ng

ABSTRACT


The study aimed at optimizing the yield of extraction of flavonoids, phenolics, and DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity) of Codiaeum variegatum leaves as a function of drying temperature (60-100 ºC) and ethanol concentration (50-80 v/v %) at constant drying time (80 minutes) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer) and proximate analyses of the leaves were also carried out using standard methods. From the results, linear term was significant for phenolic content, while quadratic term was significant for both flavonoid content and DPPH. The coefficient of determination (R2) for flavonoids, phenolics and DPPH were 0.9116,
0.9155, and 0.9612 respectively, showing a good fit model. The model terms were significant (P<0.05) for all the responses which provided its suitability for prediction purposes. The coefficients of variation (CV) were less than 10 %. Using desirability function, the optimum operating conditions to obtain higher extraction of flavonoids, phenolic and DPPH was found to be 72.72 °C and 75.61 v/v ethanol concentrations.The FT-IR results of the optimum processing conditions confirmed the presence of alkanes, alkenes, alcohol, amines, phenol, nitro compounds, and sulfoxides in the ethanol extracts of Codiaeum variegatum The study revealed that Codiaeum variegatum leaves have significant antioxidant potential and can therefore be used in
various medicinal applications. Keywords: RSM, flavonoid, phenolic, DPPH, optimization, FT-IR

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  • May 2, 2023
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Influence of Depression on Malnutrition among Undergraduates in Babcock University Ilishan-Remo.

Category : International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences, volume 7, number 2, 2022

1Ani Ime F; 2Ajuzie Nnenna C; 3Egbuna Anwulichukwu. S; 4Ajuzie
Nwaobilor C and 5Alfa Tirzah
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
Babcock University, Ilishan-remo, Ogun State
Email: ajuzienn@babcock.edu.ng

ABSTRACT


Many young people suffer from depressive symptoms when facing difficult academic tasks and life challenge. Depression, in particular, is common in the young people and can result in loss of appetite, weight, and considerable malnutrition and dehydration.On the other hand, physical illness and malnutrition may lead to depression in this vulnerable group of population. The study was to assess the influence between malnutrition and depression among undergraduates in Babcock University. A cross sectional study design among Babcock University students. The study population
was 150 students using a simple random sampling technique. It was concluded that undergraduates in Babcock University had a good knowledge of malnutrition (89.3%) and depression (62.0%). The prevalence of depression in this study was 15.3%. The study revealed that, there is a significant relationship between of knowledge malnutrition and knowledge of depression among undergraduates in Babcock University (r=0.219, p= 0.03). There was no significant association between the knowledge of malnutrition and the gender and BMI, however there is a significant
relationship between knowledge of malnutrition and the age distribution of respondents. There was a significant relationship between the knowledge of depression and the gender, age distribution and the BMI of respondents. The study recommends that the school authority should put measures to curb depression among undergraduates by making it compulsory for students to see a guidance counselor
every semester Keywords: Malnutrition, Depression, Influence, Knowledge,

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  • April 18, 2023
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Assessment Performance of Petrol Chemical Plastic Waste with Coconut Fibre for Building Blocks

Category : International Journal of Science and Advanced Innovative Research , volume 7, number 3,2022

Gana A.J, Braimoh S. O, Tawase O. S., & Amodu M.F
Department of Civil engineering,
Landmark University, Omuaran, Kwara State
Email: gana.abu@lmu.edu.ng, braimoh.solomon@lmu.edu.ng, amadu.matthew@lmu.edu.ng

ABSTRACTS


This project work is focused at investigating the assessment performance of blocks made with coconut fiber and plastic waste compared to blocks made with normal fine aggregate and cement. a total of 96 blocks were produced in which 90 was used , 48 was made from just fine aggregate and cement while 42 was made from coconut fiber, plastic waste , cement and water. The total size of all the block was 6 inches the blocks were subjected to various test such as water absorption, compressive strength test and flexural strength test. The water absorption rate for sandcrete block range from 3.49% to 5.29% while for coconut fibre and plastic waste blocks
range from 6.35% to 9.68%. The compressive strength test for pure blocks ranges from 27 KN to 46KN while for coconut fiber and plastic waste block range from 27 KN to 50KN. The flexural strength test also range from 0.47N/mm2 to 1.42N/mm2 for pure sandcrete blocks and 1.096N/MM2 to 1.816N/MM2 for coconut fibre and plastic waste.
Keywords: Assessment, Performance, Petrol Chemical Plastic, Coconut Fibre For Building Blocks

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  • April 18, 2023
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Secure File Storage on Cloud Computing Using Hybrid Cryptography

Category : International Journal of Science and Advanced Innovative Research , volume 7, number 3,2022

Mohammed Ali Bizi1* & David T. Oladipo2
1Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe, Nigeria
2Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe, Nigeria
Email: *bizi002@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT


Customers can now access resources and services globally using cloud computing from any location at any time. The majority of network traffic consists of data, both multimedia and non-multimedia, which has high computing and memory requirements as well as security restrictions. Technology-based devices like computers and smartphones have constrained resources as well as unreliable data integrity and confidentiality. As a result, the requirement for safe storage in a cloudcomputing environment becomes apparent. This research work presented secure file storage in a cloud-computing environment using a hybrid cryptography technique. The system has been designed based on combined AES, RSA, and TWOFISH approach. The new proposed system was evaluated. The experimental results show the hybrid algorithms have much better performance in terms of file security and time management for both encryption and decryption. Keyword: Cloud Computing, Hybrid Cryptography, AES, RSA, TWOFISH, Algorithm File Storage

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  • April 18, 2023
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Proper Fish Handling a Pre-Requisite to Quality Product

Category : International Journal of Science and Advanced Innovative Research , volume 7, number 3,2022

1Makeri V.A; Shenge M.T2, Gwar E.T1 & Nyam S.K1
1Department of Fisheries, Akperan Orshi Polytechnic Yandev
2Department of Fisheries, Fidei Polytecnic Gboko.

ABSTRACT


Fish is an extremely perishable food item (Agbon et al; 2002). Soon after death, fish begins to spoil. In the healthy like fish, all the complete biochemical reactions are balanced and the fish is sterile. After death however, irreversible changes set in which results to fish spoilage. The resultant effect is the decomposition of the fish (Akinola et al; 2006). Various factors are responsible for fish spoilage. These factors include: Microbial spoilage, enzymatic spoilage and chemical spoilage. Obviously, the quality
of capture is important at determining the rate of spoilage. The fish health status the presence of parasites, bruises and wounds on the skin and the mode by which the fish is handled determine the quality of fish in others words the caught fish quality, depends on the handling and preservation, the fish received from the hands of the fisher practice after capture affects the degree of spoilage of the post-harvest losses of fish, the researchers have carried out a survey on proper handling of fish using 30 fishermen at river Benue and 30 fish farmers in Gboko to ascertain the level of fish
handling. Results have shown that only 10% out of 30 fish farmers handled the catch as expected. Having done the work, the researcher concluded that it is good to handle fish properly in order to improve its quality and avoid post-harvest losses Keywords: Harvesting, Biochemical reaction, processing, preservation and spoilage

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  • April 18, 2023
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Democracy, Good Governance and Development in Nasarawa State

Category : International Journal of Social Sciences and Conflict Management , volume 7, number 3, 2022

Aliyu Muhammad & Goji, Donald Sabastine
Department of Public Administration, Isa Mustapha Agwai 1 Polytechnic, Lafia
Department of Political Science, Federal University of Lafia
Email: fallypinky73@gmail.com, dsgoji@gmail.com

ABSTRACT


Democracy is said to generate and sustain good governance and development, but the scenario in Nigeria has left much to be desired, thus, this paper attempts to survey, describe and analysed the nature of democracy, its relationship with good governance
and development in Nasarawa State. The study adopted Relative Deprivation Theory as its theoretical framework. The population of the study area is 1,383,676 as at 2006 population census while the sample size is 400 drawn from the entire population through the use of Taro Yamane formula. The paper employed cluster and random sampling method to collect data. The findings revealed that States that emerged through credible elections are more likely to consult their people in the
decision-making than the ones that emerged through electoral malpractices. The research also concludes that the more democratic State is, the more likely to practice good governance. Finally, the research recommends that, states should adopt a transparent and credible electoral processes and policy in order to conduct a fair and free elections, it also recommends that, government at all level should promote the
spirit of democratic governance which involves the full participation of the citizens in decision making to yield a good governance.
Keywords: Democracy, Good Governance and Development

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  • April 18, 2023
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Nigerian Federalism and Agitations for Self-Determination

Category : International Journal of Social Sciences and Conflict Management , volume 7, number 3, 2022

Vitus Achu Amadi
Department of Sociology
Caritas University Amorji-Nike, Enugu
Email: achuvit@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT


This paper “Nigerian Federalism and agitations for self-determination” attempts a critical analysis of the incessant self-determination agitations and its consequences on the tenacity of the Nigerian unity and the security of lives and property of her citizens. For example, the 1967 declaration of the Republic of Biafra by the then Eastern Region leading to the Nigeria-Biafra war; the Movement for the survival of Ogoni People (MOSOP), the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB); the declaration of Oduduwa Republic in the South Western Nigeria respectively, and other selfdetermination
agitations by minor nationalities in the Nigerian federation. The
question is: what are the socio-economic and political factors responsible for these seemingly unending self-determination agitations?; and how can these agitations be put to a final rest? The study adopted the qualitative method of data collection and analysis as its research methodology. It argued that these internal self-determination agitations threatening the Nigerian unity is a long-term after-mat of the incompatible
colonial amalgamation of 1914; a reflection of the continuation of the ethnic politics in Nigeria since 1960 and further complicated by the de-structuring/restructuring of the country into six geopolitical zones beside other diversities. It, therefore, recommends inter alia, the constitutional adoption of a new political format of “collegial government” or “collegial presidential system of Government” at the centre comprising four presidents of equal status representing Northern Region, Western
Region, Eastern Region, Southern Region (i.e., former Mid-Western Region) or six presidents of equal political status representing the present six geopolitical zones like in Switzerland.
Keywords: Agitation, Self-determination, National Integration, Collegial
Government, National Security, Federalism.

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  • April 18, 2023
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Impact of Agricultural Sector on Economic Sustainability and Growth of Nigeria (1985-2021). ARDL Approach

Category : International Journal of Social Sciences and Conflict Management , volume 7, number 3, 2022

Abdullahi Mohammed Kwaya1, Isah Abubakar2, Burgasa Usman2 and Alheri Pindar Kwajaffa2
1Department of Economics and Development Studies, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State
2College of education Waka Biu, Borno State.
Email: mibwalagambo@gmail.com

ABSTRACTS


This study examined the impact of agricultural sector on the economic sustainability and growth of Nigeria from 1985-2021. Secondary data were sourced from world development indictor 2020. Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach were adopted for the study. The result of the study shows that AGROUT was positive and statistically insignificant in influencing gross domestic product (GDP) by 21% and 37% in the short run and long run, INFR and MSSP was found to have negative but insignificant impact; in both the short run and long run, EXRT shows a negative
impact in influencing economic growth in Nigeria in the short run but had a positive impact but statistically insignificant. The study recommend that government should improve the current proportion of agricultural loan guaranteed, reduce the requirement of the credit scheme to peasant farmers by constant monitoring where the need arises and also invest heavily in agricultural sector in order to boost the sector and thereby
improving economic growth of Nigeria.
Keywords: Agricultural Sector, Economic Growth, ARDL, Error Correction

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  • April 18, 2023
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Adopting Islamic Strategies in Managing Internally Displaced Persons in Various Camps in Nigeria

Category : International Journal of Social Sciences and Conflict Management , volume 7, number 3, 2022

Mohammed Tukur Aliyu & Yahaya Salihu Emeje
Department of Islamic Studies Taraba State University, Jalingo, Taraba State
Department of Economics Taraba State University, Jalingo, Taraba State

ABSTRACT


Internally displaced persons are victims of political, religious, social, cultural, economic and natural disasters across various communities of the country. However, the various states, federal government, united nation organisation agencies and international partners are involve in providing internally displaced persons camps with the following services: food and security; shelter; education; water and sanitation; health; legal aid etc. The method through which data were collected for this study were mainly secondary, from sources such as journal articles, textbooks
and book chapters, publications of international organizations like the International Organization on Migration and the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, and other relevant online sources. Some of the strategies of managing internally displaced persons in various camps across Nigeria include: food aid and security; water sanitation and hygiene; education; health; emergency shelter
and NFIs; safety and security; religious services (Islam and Christianity). Finally, majors based on Islamic philosophy of truth, equity, justice, poverty reduction and general welfare of the people will greatly reduce conflict and help in the management of internally displaced persons camps across Nigeria.

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  • April 18, 2023
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Regional Economic Integration and Sustainable Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: The ECOWAS Experience

Category : International Journal of Social Sciences and Conflict Management , volume 7, number 3, 2022

Alozie, Cyprian C.
Department of Political Science
Abia State University, Uturu
Email: aloziechimdi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT


This study examined regional economic integration and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa with the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) as case study. Regional economic integration represents a form of collective agreement and solidarity among nation states located within a given geographical or political entity who decide to jointly pool their resources together for improvement of their national and human welfare. ECOWAS as a sub-regional economic integration was basically set up for the advancement of regional integration
and sustainable development of member states. Individually, the capacities of these states to embark and sustain meaningful socio-economic development were hitherto crippled by a good number of factors such as their uneven sizes, differences in resource endowments, ideological differences, poor technological take off, mono-cultural oriented economic base and leadership ineptitude. ECOWAS has continued to grapple with the challenges confronting it in a bid to realize the aims and objectives
for which it was set up. The functionalist theory was found to be a suitable theoretical framework for this study. Methodologically, the study adopted the qualitative means of data collection. The method adopted for data analysis is content analysis. The paper reveals that although the goal of a full economic integration is yet to be attained among ECOWAS member States, ECOWAS has at least been recording some achievements since its establishment in 1975. The paper recommends among others an improvement on the quality of political leadership in the sub region, increased interregional trade and commitment to the implementation of ECOWAS protocols. In conclusion, ECOWAS should pursue developmental regionalism where the major focus should not just be on removal of tariffs.
Keywords: Regional Integration, Sustainable Development, ECOWAS, Sub –
Saharan, Africa.

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