Effects of Ethanol Extract of Momordica Balsamina and some Antioxidants on Pathological Changes in Broilers Challenge with a Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus.
Agang, I. D. 1; Sai’du1, L2.; Abdu, P.A.;2 Suleiman, M. M.;3 Riki, RJ1:
Hamagda, FO1: Darlington, KO1: Okonkwo, R4: Akuehielem, G.C1;
Ibeme-Awoloh, O1 & Holms, MP5
1Dianostic and Extension, National Vet. Res. Institute, Vom-Nigeria.
2Dept. of Vet. Med, Faculty of Vet Med, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria- Nigeria. 3Dept of Pharmaco and Toxico, Faculty of Vet Med, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria- Nigeria. 4National Vet Res Institute, Vom- Nigeria.
5Truth Baptist Church, Area D, Abalande market, Nyanya- Nigeria/Missipipi-USA Corresponding Email: ishayaagang”@gmail.Com,
ABSTRACT
Newcastle disease (ND) possess a serious threat to the poultry industry as it has economy and ecological impact on pet, free living as well as domestic birds. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of M. balsamina and some antioxidants on pathological changes in broilers challenged with ND Kudu II3 virus. Two hundred day-old broilers were procured from a hatchery in Ibadan without NDV vaccination. The chicks were brooded for 4 weeks then divided into 8 groups of 20 broilers each. Each group was housed in a pen on deep litter system with a floor space of 1.14 cm2 and birds in GI were housed outside the faculty for fear of spread. All the experimental groups except group 1 were challenged with
NDV Kudu II3 virus strain. Group II was given 2 L of distilled water at 5 weeks of age and challenged with NDV and not treated with any antioxidant. Birds in group 3 were administered vitamin C (600 mg tablets in 2 L of water after challenged. Birds in group 4 were treated with vitamin E (400 mg) soft gel capsules in 2 L water orally and challenged with NDV Kudu 113 virus. Birds in group 5 were treated with selenium-Vitamin E (1ml/L) in 2 L of water per birds orally after challenged. Birds in group 6 were treated with ethanol extract of M. balsamina leaves 400 mg in 2 L of water orally after challenged. Birds in group 7 were administered ethanol extract of M. balsamina roots 200 mg in 2 L of water orally after challenged and birds in group 8 were administered ethanol extract of M. balsamina leaves extract 400 mg orally + vitamin C 600 mg orally after challenged. The birds were bled for whole blood and serum weekly at 3, 4, 5, 6 and
7 weeks of age. The gross lesions recorded in groups 2, 3, 4 were congestion,haemorrhages, mucoid production in trachea, cloudy air sacs, and necrosis of the intestinal mucosa and distended gall bladder. In conclusion, ethanol extract of M. balsamina has no side effect even when administered at high dose of up to 5,000 mg per bird. Ethanol extract of the roots of M. balsamina has ameliorative effect against NDV by reducing mortality rate. Vitamin C also had ameliorative 33|IJMSAB
International Journal of Medical Science and Applied Biosciences
ISSN: 2545-5893(Print) 2545-5877 (Online) Volume 7, Number 2, June 2022 http://www.casirmediapublishing.com properties against NDV by reducing the pathology induced, and reduced mortality rate. Combining vitamin C (Synergistically) with ethanol extract of M. balsamina leaves had ameliorative properties against ND and recommended that
the crude ethanol extract of M. balsamina roots can be used for treatment and control of ND. Key words: Momordica balsamina Linn, pathology,Cobb 500, antioxidants, Newcastle disease
