Correlation between Mammographic Features and Histological Findings in Female Breast Lesion at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. Edo State, Nigeria
Oriakhi S. N
Department of Surgery
University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City
Email: nationoriakhi@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Breast diseases constitute one of the most common contemporary diseases of females. Presently, breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the world over. It accounts for 18.4% of female cancers. In fact, 1:14 black women will develop breast cancer, during their life time. Mammography has become an invaluable tool for diagnosing breast lesion and detecting early breast cancer in women greater than 40 years in age. The aims and objectives of this study were to correlate the mammography BIRADS
categories with the histological diagnosis in breast lesions and to determine the predictive values, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of mammography in the diagnosis of breast lesions. It was a one year (March 2015-February 2016) prospective study of consecutive female patients above 40 years old who presented with breast lesions at the UBTH. All patients had mammography and core biopsy of the breast lesion using size 16 gauge biopsy gun. All biopsy specimens were subject to histological examination. The author and a consultant radiologist reported the mammograms using the BIRADS lexicon. Mammograms were categorized into BIRADS category 1 to 6. Patients with fungating breast lesion and patients who decline to be enrolled in the study. 101 patients were studied. 106 biopsies were
performed. Data including Age distribution, clinical features of breast lesions, mammographic features and histology of tumors were analyzed and correlations between these findings were highlighted. The mean ages of patients with benign breast disease 47.0 ± 4.9 years while those with malignant breast disease 49.9 ± 8.5. P – Value was 0.080, this differences was not statistically significant. Fibrocystic disease 6 (5.6%) was the commonest benign disease whereas; invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common malignant breast disease 84(79.2%). BIRADS V correlates mostly with malignant breast disease (97.0%). P – Value was < 0.001 and
was statistically significant. This study showed that mammography is very useful in the diagnosis of breast lesion in women above 40 years old. Patients with BIRADS category 3, 4 and 5 had step wise increasing correlation with malignant breast disease.
