Effects of Ethanol Extract of Momordica balsamina and some Antioxidants on Antibody Production in Broilers Challenge with a Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus
Agang, I D1; Sai’du12, L; Abdu, P A2; Suleiman, M M3 ; Riki, R J1;
Hamagda, F O1; Darlington, K O1; Okonkwo, R4; Akuehielem, G C1;
Ibeme-Awoloh, O1 ; Diuwu, J; Ayomoh, E E and Holms, M J5
1Dianostic and Extension, National Vet. Res. Institute, Vom-Nigeria.
2Dept. of Vet. Med, Faculty of Vet Med, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria- Nigeria. 3Dept of Pharmaco and Toxico, Faculty of Vet Med, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 4National Vet Res Institute, Vom- Nigeria.
5Truth Baptist Church, Area D, Nyanya Abuja- Nigeria/ Foundemenal Baptist Missions Inenational Missionaries Mississiippi-USA
Email: ishayaagang@gmail.Com.
ABSTRACT
Newcastle disease (ND) possess a serious threat to the poultry industry
as it has economy and ecological impact on pet, free living as well as
domestic birds. The aim of the effects of some antioxidants and M.
balsamina on antibody production in broilers challenged with ND Kudu II3
virus. Two hundred day-old broilers were procured from a hatchery in
Ibadan. The chicks were brooded for 4weeks then divided into 8 groups
of 20 chicks each. Each group was housed in a pen on deep litter system
with a floor space of 1.14 cm2. Birds in GI were housed outside the faculty.
All the experimental groups except group 1 were challenged with NDV
Kudu II3 virus strain and that group I was given 2 L of distilled water at
5 weeks of age. Birds in group 2 were challenged with NDV and not treated
with any antioxidant but given 2 L of water at 5 weeks of age. Birds in
group 3 were administered vitamin C (600 mg tablets in 2 L of water orally.
Birds in group 4 were treated with Vitamin E (400 mg/2 L IU soft gel
Capsules orally and challenged. Birds in group 5 were treated with
selenium-vitamin E (1 ml/ 2 L) of water orally. Birds in group 6 were
treated with ethanol extract of M. balsamina leaves (400 mg/ 2 L) of
water orally. Birds in group 7 were administered ethanol extract of M.
balsamina roots (200 mg/ 2 L) of water orally and birds in group 8 were
2 | IJMSAB Effects of Ethanol Extract of Momordica Balsamina and some Antioxidants on Antibody Production in Broilers Challenge with a Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus administered ethanol extract of M. balsamina leaves (400 mg + Vitamin C 600 mg) in 2 L of water orally. The birds were bled for whole blood and serum weekly at 3,4,5,6 and 7 weeks of age. The mean haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres at week 6 were 0.8 log2 4.5 log2 6.8 log2 for groups 1, 2 and 4, respectively. The mean enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay antibody titres at week 6 were 3.5, 3.7 and 3.8 for groups 1, 2 and 8, respectively. In conclusion, ethanol extract of M. balsamina has no site effect even when administered at high doses of up to 5,000 mg per bird. Ethanol extract of the roots of M. balsamina has ameliorative effect against NDV by reducing mortality rate. Vitamin C also had ameliorative properties against NDV by reducing the pathology induced, and reduced mortality rate. Combining vitamin C (synergistically) with ethanol extract of M. balsamina leaves was recommended for treatment of ND. Keywords: Momordica balsanina, haemagglutination inhibition, antioxidants, Enzyme Link, Immunosorbent Assay, log, Cobb 500,
Newcastle disease
